Transcription and ncRNAs: at the cent(rome)re of kinetochore assembly and maintenance.

Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI:10.1007/s10577-013-9387-3

Kristin C Scott

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引用次数: 23

Abstract

Centromeres are sites of chromosomal spindle attachment during mitosis and meiosis. Centromeres are defined, in part, by a distinct chromatin landscape in which histone H3 is replaced by the conserved histone H3 variant, CENP-A. Sequences competent for centromere formation and function vary among organisms and are typically composed of repetitive DNA. It is unclear how such diverse genomic signals are integrated with the epigenetic mechanisms that govern CENP-A incorporation at a single locus on each chromosome. Recent work highlights the intriguing possibility that the transcriptional properties of centromeric core DNA contribute to centromere identity and maintenance through cell division. Moreover, core-derived noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as active participants in the regulation and control of centromere activity in plants and mammals. This paper reviews the transcriptional properties of eukaryotic centromeres and discusses the known roles of core-derived ncRNAs in chromatin integrity, kinetochore assembly, and centromere activity.

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转录和ncrna:在着丝点组装和维持的关键阶段。

着丝粒是有丝分裂和减数分裂期间染色体纺锤体附着的位点。着丝粒在一定程度上由一种独特的染色质景观来定义，其中组蛋白H3被保守的组蛋白H3变体CENP-A所取代。着丝粒形成和功能的序列因生物体而异，通常由重复DNA组成。目前尚不清楚这些不同的基因组信号是如何与控制CENP-A在每条染色体上单个位点结合的表观遗传机制相结合的。最近的工作强调了着丝粒核心DNA的转录特性通过细胞分裂有助于着丝粒身份和维持的有趣可能性。此外，核心衍生的非编码rna (ncRNAs)已经成为植物和哺乳动物中调节和控制着丝粒活性的积极参与者。本文综述了真核着丝粒的转录特性，并讨论了核源性ncrna在染色质完整性、着丝粒组装和着丝粒活性方面的已知作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology

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