Caloric Restriction, Energy Balance and Healthy Aging in Okinawans and Americans: Biomarker Differences in Septuagenarians.

Bradley J Willcox, D Craig Willcox, Hidemi Todoriki, Katsuhiko Yano, J David Curb, Makoto Suzuki
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Abstract

Background: Caloric restriction (CR) is the only consistently reproducible non-genetic means of minimizing age-related diseases and increasing maximum lifespan in short-lived animals but few human studies exist.

Objective: Since elderly Okinawans exhibit several phenotypic features of CR including low BMI, low prevalence of chronic diseases, and exceptional longevity, we hypothesized that this phenotype may be reflected in candidate biomarkers of human aging.

Methods: We retrospectively estimated adult energy balance across the life course for septuagenarian birth cohorts (born ca 1915-1925) from Okinawa and the U.S. based on archived data. We then compared plasma DHEA, estrogen and testosterone in a sample of community dwelling members from these birth cohorts.

Results: Elderly Okinawans had much lower caloric intake than Americans and appeared mildly calorically restricted (10-15%) at younger ages relative to their estimated energy requirements. Okinawans also had significantly higher plasma DHEA, testosterone and estrogen levels as septuagenarians versus non-CR Americans of similar chronological age.

Conclusion: These cross-sectional data are consistent with the caloric restriction hypothesis in humans and support further longitudinal investigation into biomarkers of human aging and their potential modification by caloric restriction.

冲绳人和美国人的热量限制、能量平衡和健康老龄化:70岁老人的生物标志物差异。
背景:热量限制(CR)是唯一一致可重复的非遗传手段,以减少年龄相关疾病和延长短寿动物的最大寿命,但很少有人类的研究存在。目的:由于冲绳老年人表现出CR的几个表型特征,包括低BMI、低慢性病患病率和异常长寿,我们假设这种表型可能反映在人类衰老的候选生物标志物上。方法:基于存档数据,我们回顾性地估计了来自冲绳和美国的70多岁出生队列(约1915-1925年出生)在整个生命过程中的成人能量平衡。然后,我们比较了来自这些出生队列的社区居民的血浆脱氢表雄酮、雌激素和睾酮样本。结果:老年冲绳人的热量摄入比美国人低得多,并且相对于他们估计的能量需求,在年轻时出现轻度的热量限制(10-15%)。与年龄相仿的非cr美国人相比,冲绳人的血浆脱氢表雄酮、睾酮和雌激素水平也明显高于70多岁的人。结论:这些横断面数据与人类热量限制假说一致,并支持进一步纵向研究人类衰老的生物标志物及其通过热量限制的潜在改变。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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