Intrarater Reliability of Digital Thermography in Detecting Pin Site Infection: A Proof of Concept Study.

IF 1 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS

Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10080-1522

Ole Rahbek, Hans-Christen Husum, Marie Fridberg, Arash Ghaffari, Søren Kold

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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Aim and objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the capability and Intrarater reliability of thermography in detecting pin site infection.

Materials and methods: This is an explorative proof of concept study. Clinical assessment of pin sites was performed by one examiner with the Modified Gordon Pin Infection Classification from grade 0 to 6. Thermography of the pin sites was performed with a FLIR C3 camera. The analysis of the thermographic images was done in the software FLIR Tools. The maximum skin temperature around the pin site and the maximum temperature for the whole thermographic picture were measured. An Intrarater agreement was established and test-retests were performed with different camera angles.

Results: Thirteen (four females, nine males) patients (age 9-72 years) were included. Indications for frames: Fracture (n=4), two deformity correction, one lengthening and six bone transport. Days from surgery to thermography ranged from 27 to 385 days. Overall, 231 pin sites were included. Eleven pin sites were diagnosed with early signs of infection: five grade 1, five grade 2 and one grade 3. Mean pin site temperature for each patient was calculated, varied between patients from 29.0°C to 35.4°C (mean 33.9°C). With 34°C as cut-off value for infection, sensitivity was 73%; specificity, 67%; positive predictive value, 10%; and negative predictive value, 98%. Intrarater agreement for thermography was ICC 0.85 (0.77-0.92). The temperature measured was influenced by the camera positioning in relation to the pin site with a variance of 0.2.

Conclusions: Measurements of pin site temperature using the hand-held FLIR C3 infrared camera was a reliable method and the temperature was related to infection grading.

Clinical significance: This study demonstrated that digital thermography with a hand-held camera might be used for monitoring the pin sites after operations to detect early infection.

How to cite this article: Rahbek O, Husum HC, Fridberg M, et al. Intrarater Reliability of Digital Thermography in Detecting Pin Site Infection: A Proof of Concept Study. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2021;16(1):1-7.

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数字热成像检测针位感染的内部可靠性:概念验证研究。

目的与目的:本研究的目的是探讨热成像检测针部感染的能力和内部可靠性。材料和方法:这是一个探索性的概念证明研究。针刺部位的临床评估由一名审查员按照修改的戈登针刺感染分级从0级到6级进行。用FLIR C3相机对针脚部位进行热成像。在FLIR Tools软件中对热成像图像进行分析。测量了针周围的最高皮肤温度和整个热成像图像的最高温度。建立了一项内部协议，并以不同的相机角度进行了测试-重新测试。结果:纳入患者13例(女4例，男9例)，年龄9 ~ 72岁。镜架适应症:骨折(n=4)， 2例畸形矫正，1例延长，6例骨运输。从手术到热成像的时间为27 ~ 385天。总共包括231个pin位点。11个针点被诊断为早期感染迹象:5个1级，5个2级和1个3级。计算每位患者的平均针位温度，患者之间的差异为29.0°C至35.4°C(平均33.9°C)。以34℃为感染临界值，敏感性为73%;特异性,67%;阳性预测值，10%;阴性预测值为98%。热成像的内部一致性为ICC 0.85(0.77-0.92)。测得的温度受相机位置相对于针脚位置的影响，方差为0.2。结论:手持式FLIR C3红外相机测量针脚部位温度是一种可靠的方法，温度与感染分级有关。临床意义:本研究表明，手持式数码热像仪可用于手术后针脚部位的监测，早期发现感染。引用方式:Rahbek O, Husum HC, Fridberg M, et al.。数字热成像检测针位感染的内部可靠性:概念验证研究。创伤肢体重建，2016;16(1):1-7。

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来源期刊

Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction Medicine-Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction is dedicated to surgeons, allied medical professionals and researchers in the field of orthopaedics and trauma. The scope of the journal is to discuss the fields of skeletal injury, and the complications thereof, congenital and acquired limb deformities and deficiencies, and orthopaedic-related infection, together with their surgical and non-surgical treatments. The journal publishes original articles, reviews, case reports, descriptions of new or recognised treatment techniques, forum discussions of clinical scenarios and relevant correspondence. It aims to provide a widely accessible source of useful information to practitioners in the field through the problem- or technique-based approach of published articles.