Clinical Characteristics, Medication Prescription Pattern, and Treatment Outcomes at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Health-Care Facility in Ghana.

IF 0.8 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice Pub Date : 2021-05-13 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI:10.4103/jrpp.JRPP_20_118

Kwame Opare-Asamoah, George Asumeng Koffuor, Alhassan Abdul-Mumin, Baba Mohammed Sulemana, Majeed Saeed, Lawrence Quaye

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Abstract

Objective: Neonates are more susceptible to infections, as well as medication toxicities. This study, therefore, sought to describe the clinical characteristics, medication prescription pattern, and treatment outcomes for neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary health-care facility in Ghana.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to ascertain clinical records, conditions for admission, spectrum of medications prescribed, and treatment outcomes from neonatal patient folders.

Findings: Of 667 folders reviewed (51.4% males and 48.6% female), 61.8% were preterm (mean gestational age: 34.2 ± 3.6 weeks), 64.6% had low birth weight (LBW) (mean birth weight: 2.1 ± 0.9 kg), 90.6% were delivered through spontaneous vaginal delivery, and 57.4% delivered at the tertiary health-care facility. Of the 667 neonates, 70%, 27.1%, and 2.9% were queried with one, two, or three medical conditions, respectively. Respiratory distress, preterm, and pyrexia were common single queried conditions (88.5%). LBW, hypothermia, and single queried medical conditions were associated (P ≤ 0.0001) with preterm male neonates. The mean duration of stay of preterm neonates was 3.5 ± 3.2 days (term babies: 1-2 days [P = 0.0085]). Of 1,565 medications prescribed to the 667 neonates, 67.5% were antibacterial, with gentamicin (53.0%) being the most prescribed. 98.4% of neonates were prescribed at least one medication (i.e., 67.5% were prescribed antibacterial medications, 14.6% supplements, 11.0% bronchodilators, and 7.0% antiseizure); mean medication combination 2.6 ± 0.8 per neonate. Majority (75.4%) of the cases reviewed had treatment success.

Conclusion: Respiratory distress and preterm deliveries are predominant presenting conditions, with antibacterial medication, mainly gentamicin and ampicillin, on prescription. Treatment success is significantly high at the NICU.

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加纳一家三级医疗机构新生儿重症监护室的临床特征、药物处方模式和治疗效果。

目的：新生儿更容易受到感染和药物毒性的影响。因此，本研究试图描述加纳一家三级医疗机构新生儿重症监护室（NICU）收治的新生儿的临床特征、处方用药模式和治疗结果：方法：进行了一项回顾性横断面研究，从新生儿患者文件夹中确定临床记录、入院条件、处方药物范围和治疗结果：在接受审查的 667 份病历中（51.4% 为男性，48.6% 为女性），61.8% 为早产儿（平均胎龄：34.2 ± 3.6 周），64.6% 为低出生体重儿（LBW）（平均出生体重：2.1 ± 0.9 千克），90.6% 经阴道自然分娩，57.4% 在三级医疗机构分娩。在 667 名新生儿中，分别有 70%、27.1% 和 2.9% 的新生儿患有一种、两种或三种疾病。呼吸窘迫、早产和热病是常见的单一病症（88.5%）。低体重儿、体温过低和单一病症与早产男婴有关（P ≤ 0.0001）。早产新生儿的平均住院时间为 3.5 ± 3.2 天（足月儿：1-2 天 [P = 0.0085]）。在为 667 名新生儿开出的 1,565 种药物中，67.5% 是抗菌药物，其中庆大霉素（53.0%）是开出最多的药物。98.4%的新生儿至少被处方了一种药物（即67.5%被处方了抗菌药物，14.6%被处方了补充剂，11.0%被处方了支气管扩张剂，7.0%被处方了抗癫痫药物）；每个新生儿的平均药物组合为2.6 ± 0.8。大多数病例（75.4%）治疗成功：结论：呼吸窘迫和早产是主要的发病原因，处方中的抗菌药物主要是庆大霉素和氨苄西林。新生儿重症监护室的治疗成功率很高。

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来源期刊

Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY-

自引率

0.00%

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审稿时长

21 weeks

期刊介绍： The main focus of the journal will be on evidence-based drug-related medical researches (with clinical pharmacists’ intervention or documentation), particularly in the Eastern Mediterranean region. However, a wide range of closely related issues will be also covered. These will include clinical studies in the field of pharmaceutical care, reporting adverse drug reactions and human medical toxicology, pharmaco-epidemiology and toxico-epidemiology (poisoning epidemiology), social aspects of pharmacy practice, pharmacy education and economic evaluations of treatment protocols (e.g. cost-effectiveness studies). Local reports of medication utilization studies at hospital or pharmacy levels will only be considered for peer-review process only if they have a new and useful message for the international pharmacy practice professionals and readers.