A 12-year follow-up of intestinal schistosomiasis in pre-school-aged children in Assoni Village, Eastern Senegal.

IF 4.8 1区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Monique N'Diaye, Boubacar Fodé Keita, Fodé Danfakha, Fili Keita, Gérald Keita, Cheikh Sadibou Senghor, Bocar Diop, Lamine Diawara, François Bessin, Charlotte Vernet, Dominique Barbier, Patrick Dewavrin, Francis Klotz
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background: To monitor the prevalence of schistosomiasis in school-aged children (SAC), the National Bilharzia Control Program (PNLB) was set up by the Senegalese authorities; however, geographically isolated Bedik ethnic groups that did not benefit from this program were found to be heavily infected with Schistosoma mansoni. This observation led us to implement a new schistosomiasis control program in 2008 under the aegis of the non-governmental organization "Le Kaïcedrat" and in partnership with the PNLB/WHO to monitor the prevalence of schistosomiasis in this area. In the village of Assoni, where 100% of SAC were infected, analysis of the stools of pre-school-aged children (PSAC) showed that they were massively infected, so we decided to focus our program on them.

Methods: From 2008 to 2020, we (i) monitored the prevalence of S. mansoni in PSAC in Assoni using double-stool smear preparation, (ii) treated the infected PSAC with a standard dose of praziquantel 40 mg/kg, (iii) ran educational campaigns each year in the village, and (iv) built latrines to improve sanitation and reduce schistosomiasis transmission. Linear regression was used to examine the trend in the annual schistosomiasis prevalence and a two-sided of Chi-squared test was used to compare prevalence between the different age groups of PSAC.

Results: We observed an extremely high prevalence of schistosomiasis (78%) in PSAC before implementation of the program in 2008. Contamination occurred in very young children, as 64.3% of children under 2 years old were infected. Moreover, prevalence increased with age and reached 96.8% in children 4 to < 6 years old. Our annual interventions in Assoni Village raised awareness among villagers that water bodies were areas of significant infestation, allowed the building of 88 latrines and led to a decrease in prevalence in PSAC as only 11% of these children were infected in 2020.

Conclusion: Our study allowed Assoni to be the first village in Senegal to treat PSAC since 2014, but only on an individual basis. It also shows that schistosomiasis is difficult to eradicate and that multi-sectorial actions are required to keep its prevalence at a low level.

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塞内加尔东部阿索尼村学龄前儿童肠道血吸虫病随访12年
背景:为了监测学龄儿童(SAC)血吸虫病的流行情况,塞内加尔当局制定了国家血吸虫控制规划(PNLB);然而,地理上孤立的贝迪克族没有从该计划中受益,被发现严重感染了曼氏血吸虫。这一观察结果促使我们于2008年在非政府组织“Le Kaïcedrat”的支持下,与国家卫生局/世卫组织合作,实施了一项新的血吸虫病控制规划,以监测该地区血吸虫病的流行情况。在Assoni村,100%的SAC被感染,对学龄前儿童(PSAC)的粪便的分析表明他们被大量感染,因此我们决定将我们的项目重点放在他们身上。方法:2008 - 2020年,采用双粪涂片法监测阿索尼地区血吸虫病流行情况,采用吡喹酮标准剂量40 mg/kg治疗感染血吸虫病,每年在村庄开展教育活动,修建厕所改善卫生条件,减少血吸虫病传播。采用线性回归检验年血吸虫病患病率的趋势,采用双侧卡方检验比较不同年龄组间血吸虫病患病率。结果:在2008年实施该计划之前,我们观察到PSAC的血吸虫病患病率极高(78%)。污染发生在非常年幼的儿童中,64.3%的2岁以下儿童受到感染。此外,患病率随着年龄的增长而增加,在儿童中达到96.8%。结论:我们的研究使阿索尼成为塞内加尔自2014年以来第一个治疗PSAC的村庄,但仅以个体为基础。它还表明,血吸虫病难以根除,需要采取多部门行动,将其流行率保持在较低水平。
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来源期刊
Infectious Diseases of Poverty
Infectious Diseases of Poverty Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
16.70
自引率
1.20%
发文量
368
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Infectious Diseases of Poverty is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that focuses on essential public health questions related to infectious diseases of poverty. It covers a wide range of topics and methods, including the biology of pathogens and vectors, diagnosis and detection, treatment and case management, epidemiology and modeling, zoonotic hosts and animal reservoirs, control strategies and implementation, new technologies, and their application. The journal also explores the impact of transdisciplinary or multisectoral approaches on health systems, ecohealth, environmental management, and innovative technologies. It aims to provide a platform for the exchange of research and ideas that can contribute to the improvement of public health in resource-limited settings. In summary, Infectious Diseases of Poverty aims to address the urgent challenges posed by infectious diseases in impoverished populations. By publishing high-quality research in various areas, the journal seeks to advance our understanding of these diseases and contribute to the development of effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
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