Automatic Drift Cancellation of Implanted Bladder Pressure Sensor.

Abstract

Implanted pressure sensors suffer from long-term offset drift due to atmospheric changes, package moisture absorption, and patient factors such as posture, implant shift, and tissue overgrowth. Traditionally, wide dynamic range instrumentation is used to satisfy the full-scale and sensitivity requirements for a given application. Transmission of extra bits greatly increases the power draw of an implanted medical device, and simple AC-coupling cannot monitor static pressures. We present a mixed-signal offset cancellation loop to maximize the AC dynamic range of instrumentation circuitry. A digital implementation allows for designer control of the cancellation system time constant and was specifically designed for power-gated pressure sensors. Pressure offset is calculated by digital integration and a bipolar IDAC with coarse/fine tuning injects an offset-cancelling current into a standard piezoresistive MEMS pressure sensor. Test results showed a dynamic range increase of 2.9 bits using dynamic offset cancellation, for an effective sensing range of 11 bits using 8-bit instrumentation. The measured step response of the system showed an overall highpass response of 2.3 - 3.8 mHz. This approach is therefore relevant for bio-sensing of pressures in organs with a very slow physiologic response, e.g. the bladder.