Longitudinal Assessment of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anxiety and Depression among Prostate Cancer Survivors Post-Resection.

Abstract

Our study aimed to detect the longitudinal prevalence of anxiety and depression in prostate cancer survivors post-resection and their risk factors. A total of 169 prostate cancer patients who underwent resection were included and followed up for 3 years. Then anxiety and depression were assessed by Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) or Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) from the day of discharging from hospital to the last follow up every 3 months. Overall survival (OS) was calculated and documented. In prostate cancer survivors post-resection, the SAS score, anxiety occurrence rate, SDS score and depression occurrence rate all gradually elevated from baseline to month 36. Multivariate logistic regression analysis disclosed that age ≥ 65 years, education duration<9 years, marry status of single/divorced/widowed, unemployment before surgery, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, higher Gleason score, higher pathological T stage, higher pathological N stage, positive surgical margin status were independent factors related to higher anxiety risk in the 3 years follow-up duration. Additionally, unemployment before surgery, hyperlipidemia, higher pathological T stage, higher pathological N stage, positive surgical margin status were independently associated with depression risk in the 3 years follow-up duration. In addition, baseline anxiety, baseline depression, 1-year depression and 2-year depression associated with worse OS. In conclusion, post-resection anxiety and depression continuously worsen in prostate cancer survivors, and age, marriage status, education duration, complications, and tumor features can serve as their risk factors.