A Neurocognitive Comparison of Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Trichotillomania (Hair Pulling Disorder).

IF 3.6
Emily P Wilton, Christopher A Flessner, Elle Brennan, Yolanda Murphy, Michael Walther, Abbe Garcia, Christine Conelea, Daniel P Dickstein, Elyse Stewart, Kristen Benito, Jennifer B Freeman
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and trichotillomania (hair pulling disorder, HPD) are both considered obsessive-compulsive and related disorders due to some indications of shared etiological and phenomenological characteristics. However, a lack of direct comparisons between these disorders, especially in pediatric samples, limits our understanding of divergent versus convergent characteristics. This study compared neurocognitive functioning between children diagnosed with OCD and HPD. In total, 21 children diagnosed with HPD, 40 diagnosed with OCD, and 29 healthy controls (HCs), along with their parents, completed self-/parent-report measures and a neurocognitive assessment battery, which included tasks of inhibitory control, sustained attention, planning, working memory, visual memory, and cognitive flexibility. A series of analyses of variance (or covariance) indicated significant differences between groups on tasks examining planning and sustained attention. Specifically, children in both the OCD and HPD groups outperformed HCs on a task of planning. Further, children with OCD underperformed as compared to both the HPD and HC groups on a task of sustained attention. No between group differences were found with respect to tasks of reversal learning, working memory, spatial working memory, visual memory, or inhibitory control. The implications these findings may have for future, transdiagnostic work, as well as limitations and future directions are discussed.

小儿强迫症与拔毛症的神经认知比较。
强迫症(OCD)和拔毛癖(HPD)都被认为是强迫症和相关疾病,因为一些共同的病因和现象学特征。然而,缺乏这些疾病之间的直接比较,特别是在儿科样本中,限制了我们对发散性与趋同性特征的理解。这项研究比较了被诊断为强迫症和HPD的儿童的神经认知功能。总共有21名被诊断为HPD的儿童,40名被诊断为强迫症的儿童,以及29名健康对照者(hc),与他们的父母一起完成了自我/父母报告测量和神经认知评估,其中包括抑制控制、持续注意力、计划、工作记忆、视觉记忆和认知灵活性的任务。一系列方差(或协方差)分析表明,在检查计划和持续注意力的任务上,组与组之间存在显著差异。具体来说,OCD组和HPD组的儿童在计划任务上的表现都优于hc组。此外,与HPD组和HC组相比,强迫症儿童在持续注意力任务上表现不佳。在逆向学习、工作记忆、空间工作记忆、视觉记忆或抑制控制方面,组间没有发现差异。这些发现可能对未来的跨诊断工作,以及局限性和未来的方向进行了讨论。
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来源期刊
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期刊介绍: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology brings together the latest innovative research that advances knowledge of psychopathology from infancy through adolescence. The journal publishes studies that have a strong theoretical framework and use a diversity of methods, with an emphasis on empirical studies of the major forms of psychopathology found in childhood disorders (e.g., disruptive behavior disorders, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder). Studies focus on the epidemiology, etiology, assessment, treatment, prognosis, and developmental course of these forms of psychopathology. Studies highlighting risk and protective factors; the ecology and correlates of children''s emotional, social, and behavior problems; and advances in prevention and treatment are featured. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology is the official journal of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (ISRCAP), a multidisciplinary scientific society.
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