Application of the Bifactor S - 1 Model to Multisource Ratings of ADHD/ODD Symptoms: an Appropriate Bifactor Model for Symptom Ratings.

IF 3.6
G Leonard Burns, Christian Geiser, Mateu Servera, Stephen P Becker, Theodore P Beauchaine
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引用次数: 51

Abstract

The symmetrical bifactor model is often applied to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-hyperactive/impulsive (HI), ADHD-inattentive (IN), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, but this model frequently yields anomalous or inadmissible results. An alternative model, the bifactor S - 1 model, is more appropriate for examining the hierarchical structure of ADHD/ODD symptoms. Both models were applied to ADHD-HI, ADHD-IN, and ODD symptom ratings by mothers, fathers, and teachers for 2142 Spanish children (49.49% girls; ages 8-13 years). The symmetrical bifactor model yielded the typical anomalous loadings, with a weakly defined ADHD-HI specific factor and difficult to interpret associations of general and specific factors with correlates. In contrast, the bifactor S - 1 model with ADHD-HI symptoms as general reference factor produced clearly interpretable results. For mothers and fathers, slightly more than 50% of true score variance in ADHD-IN and ODD symptoms represented specific residual variance not shared with the general ADHD-HI reference factor. For teachers, approximately 69% and 39% of true score variance in ADHD-IN and ODD symptoms, respectively, represented specific residual variance not shared with the general ADHD-HI reference factor. The general ADHD-HI reference factor and specific ADHD-IN and ODD residual factors showed convergent and discriminant validity across sources, along with unique associations with peer rejection, social impairment, and academic impairment factors. The bifactor S - 1 model also yielded results consistent with predictions from trait-impulsivity theory of ADHD/ODD development. Researchers should use the bifactor S - 1 model rather than the symmetrical bifactor model if hypotheses involve the latent hierarchical structure of ADHD/ODD symptoms.

双因素 S - 1 模型在多源多动症/注意力缺陷障碍症状评级中的应用:症状评级的适当双因素模型。
对称双因素模型经常被应用于注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)-多动/冲动(HI)、ADHD-注意力缺陷(IN)和对立违抗障碍(ODD)症状的研究,但这种模型经常得出异常或不可接受的结果。另一种模型,即双因素 S - 1 模型,更适合于研究 ADHD/ODD 症状的层次结构。这两种模型都适用于母亲、父亲和教师对 2142 名西班牙儿童(49.49% 为女孩,年龄在 8-13 岁之间)的 ADHD-HI、ADHD-IN 和 ODD 症状评分。对称双因子模型产生了典型的异常负荷,ADHD-HI 特异因子定义不清,一般因子和特异因子与相关因子之间的联系难以解释。相比之下,以多动症-HI 症状为一般参考因子的双因子 S - 1 模型则产生了可清晰解释的结果。对于母亲和父亲来说,在 ADHD-IN 和 ODD 症状的真实得分差异中,略高于 50%的差异代表了与一般 ADHD-HI 参考因子不共享的特殊残差。对于教师而言,ADHD-IN 和 ODD 症状的真实得分差异中分别约有 69% 和 39% 代表了与一般 ADHD-HI 参考因子不共享的特定残差。一般 ADHD-HI 参考因子和特定 ADHD-IN 和 ODD 残差因子在不同来源中显示出收敛性和区分性,同时与同伴排斥、社交障碍和学业障碍因子有独特的关联。双因子 S - 1 模型也得出了与 ADHD/ODD 发展的特质冲动理论预测一致的结果。如果假设涉及 ADHD/ODD 症状的潜在层次结构,研究人员应使用双因素 S - 1 模型,而不是对称双因素模型。
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期刊介绍: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology brings together the latest innovative research that advances knowledge of psychopathology from infancy through adolescence. The journal publishes studies that have a strong theoretical framework and use a diversity of methods, with an emphasis on empirical studies of the major forms of psychopathology found in childhood disorders (e.g., disruptive behavior disorders, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder). Studies focus on the epidemiology, etiology, assessment, treatment, prognosis, and developmental course of these forms of psychopathology. Studies highlighting risk and protective factors; the ecology and correlates of children''s emotional, social, and behavior problems; and advances in prevention and treatment are featured. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology is the official journal of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (ISRCAP), a multidisciplinary scientific society.
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