Use of Anthrax Vaccine in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2019.

IF 33.7 1区 医学 Q1 Medicine
William A Bower, Jarad Schiffer, Robert L Atmar, Wendy A Keitel, Arthur M Friedlander, Lindy Liu, Yon Yu, David S Stephens, Conrad P Quinn, Katherine Hendricks
{"title":"Use of Anthrax Vaccine in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2019.","authors":"William A Bower,&nbsp;Jarad Schiffer,&nbsp;Robert L Atmar,&nbsp;Wendy A Keitel,&nbsp;Arthur M Friedlander,&nbsp;Lindy Liu,&nbsp;Yon Yu,&nbsp;David S Stephens,&nbsp;Conrad P Quinn,&nbsp;Katherine Hendricks","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.rr6804a1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report updates the 2009 recommendations from the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding use of anthrax vaccine in the United States (Wright JG, Quinn CP, Shadomy S, Messonnier N. Use of anthrax vaccine in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP)], 2009. MMWR Recomm Rep 2010;59[No. RR-6]). The report 1) summarizes data on estimated efficacy in humans using a correlates of protection model and safety data published since the last ACIP review, 2) provides updated guidance for use of anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and in conjunction with antimicrobials for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), 3) provides updated guidance regarding PrEP vaccination of emergency and other responders, 4) summarizes the available data on an investigational anthrax vaccine (AV7909), and 5) discusses the use of anthrax antitoxins for PEP. Changes from previous guidance in this report include the following: 1) a booster dose of AVA for PrEP can be given every 3 years instead of annually to persons not at high risk for exposure to Bacillus anthracis who have previously received the initial AVA 3-dose priming and 2-dose booster series and want to maintain protection; 2) during a large-scale emergency response, AVA for PEP can be administered using an intramuscular route if the subcutaneous route of administration poses significant materiel, personnel, or clinical challenges that might delay or preclude vaccination; 3) recommendations on dose-sparing AVA PEP regimens if the anthrax vaccine supply is insufficient to vaccinate all potentially exposed persons; and 4) clarification on the duration of antimicrobial therapy when used in conjunction with vaccine for PEP.These updated recommendations can be used by health care providers and guide emergency preparedness officials and planners who are developing plans to provide anthrax vaccine, including preparations for a wide-area aerosol release of B. anthracis spores. The recommendations also provide guidance on dose-sparing options, if needed, to extend the supply of vaccine to increase the number of persons receiving PEP in a mass casualty event.</p>","PeriodicalId":51328,"journal":{"name":"Mmwr Recommendations and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":33.7000,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6918956/pdf/","citationCount":"27","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mmwr Recommendations and Reports","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.rr6804a1","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27

Abstract

This report updates the 2009 recommendations from the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding use of anthrax vaccine in the United States (Wright JG, Quinn CP, Shadomy S, Messonnier N. Use of anthrax vaccine in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP)], 2009. MMWR Recomm Rep 2010;59[No. RR-6]). The report 1) summarizes data on estimated efficacy in humans using a correlates of protection model and safety data published since the last ACIP review, 2) provides updated guidance for use of anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and in conjunction with antimicrobials for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), 3) provides updated guidance regarding PrEP vaccination of emergency and other responders, 4) summarizes the available data on an investigational anthrax vaccine (AV7909), and 5) discusses the use of anthrax antitoxins for PEP. Changes from previous guidance in this report include the following: 1) a booster dose of AVA for PrEP can be given every 3 years instead of annually to persons not at high risk for exposure to Bacillus anthracis who have previously received the initial AVA 3-dose priming and 2-dose booster series and want to maintain protection; 2) during a large-scale emergency response, AVA for PEP can be administered using an intramuscular route if the subcutaneous route of administration poses significant materiel, personnel, or clinical challenges that might delay or preclude vaccination; 3) recommendations on dose-sparing AVA PEP regimens if the anthrax vaccine supply is insufficient to vaccinate all potentially exposed persons; and 4) clarification on the duration of antimicrobial therapy when used in conjunction with vaccine for PEP.These updated recommendations can be used by health care providers and guide emergency preparedness officials and planners who are developing plans to provide anthrax vaccine, including preparations for a wide-area aerosol release of B. anthracis spores. The recommendations also provide guidance on dose-sparing options, if needed, to extend the supply of vaccine to increase the number of persons receiving PEP in a mass casualty event.

Abstract Image

在美国使用炭疽疫苗:免疫实践咨询委员会的建议,2019年。
本报告更新了2009年疾控中心免疫实践咨询委员会(ACIP)关于美国使用炭疽疫苗的建议(Wright JG, Quinn CP, Shadomy S, Messonnier N.美国使用炭疽疫苗:免疫实践咨询委员会[ACIP]的建议,2009)。MMWR建议Rep 2010;59[No. 5]RR-6])。该报告1)总结了自上次ACIP审查以来使用相关保护模型和发布的安全性数据估计对人的有效性的数据,2)提供了使用吸附炭疽疫苗(AVA)进行暴露前预防(PrEP)并与暴露后预防(PEP)的抗菌剂一起使用的最新指南,3)提供了关于紧急和其他应答者的PrEP疫苗接种的最新指南。4)总结了一种实验性炭疽疫苗(AV7909)的现有数据,5)讨论了炭疽抗毒素在PEP中的应用。与本报告先前的指导相比,变化包括以下内容:1)针对炭疽芽孢杆菌暴露风险不高的人,可以每3年而不是每年接种一次AVA加强剂,这些人之前接受过最初的AVA 3剂启动和2剂加强系列,并希望保持保护;2)在大规模应急响应期间,如果皮下给药会带来重大的物质、人员或临床挑战,可能会延迟或阻止疫苗接种,则PEP的AVA可以通过肌肉注射途径给药;3)如果炭疽疫苗供应不足以为所有潜在暴露者接种疫苗,建议使用剂量节约的AVA PEP方案;4)澄清与PEP疫苗联合使用时抗菌治疗的持续时间。这些最新建议可供卫生保健提供者使用,并指导正在制定提供炭疽疫苗计划的应急准备官员和规划人员,包括为炭疽芽孢杆菌大范围气溶胶释放做准备。这些建议还提供了关于剂量节约选择的指导,如有必要,可以扩大疫苗供应,以增加在大规模伤亡事件中接受PEP的人数。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Mmwr Recommendations and Reports
Mmwr Recommendations and Reports PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
36.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
3
期刊介绍: The MMWR series of publications is published by the Office of Science, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. The MMWR Recommendations and Reports contain in-depth articles that relay policy statements for prevention and treatment in all areas in the CDC’s scope of responsibility (e.g., recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices).
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信