Clinical substantiation of the sparing and less invasive implant prosthetics of the edentulous lower jaw method.

Abstract

Objective: Proof of the effective implant prosthetics treatment of patients with the edentulous lower jaw by minimally invasive method.

Materials and methods: As a sample of clinical research, 68 senior patients (30 men and 38 women) were diagnosed with edentulous lower jaws. The methods of the study included estimating the implant retention by frequency-resonance analysis of Osstell ISQ, the degree of retention and stabilization of the tissue supported and implant-supported dentures (author's method: patent for invention No. 2640375 of 28.12.2017) and a sociologic questionnaire "Profile of the influence of dental health OHIP-14".

Results: For the first time strength indicators of the retention and stabilization degree of implant-retained mandibular overdentures with attachment to one and two implants were determined. A linear relationship was shown between the degree of fixation of the prosthesis and the change in the quality of life (a statistically significant correlation was p=0.022, r=0.52 in the first group and p=0.0015; r=0.75 in the second group). The implants stability during the year increased in the first group in 2.57±1.59%, and in the second group in 2.08±1.40%. After a year using implant-retained mandibular overdentures, the life quality level concerning dental health in patients from the first and second groups remained the same (there were no statistically significant differences, p1-2=0.8392).

Conclusions: The performed survey of prosthetic treatment patients with the edentulous lower jaw showed the effect use of a sparing method of implantation prosthetics. The fixation quality achieved with a single support-retaining implant was sufficient to improve the functional and comfortable using of the lower jaw prosthesis. It was found that the stability of implants statistically did not significantly depend on the number of used implants (p>0.05).