Ethnic disparities in fertility and its determinants in Nigeria.

Ayo Stephen Adebowale
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引用次数: 24

Abstract

Background: High fertility rate has been consistently reported in Nigeria. The three major ethnic groups in Nigeria, Hausa/Fulani, Igbo, and Yoruba have different socio-cultural identities particularly those that relate to fertility but fertility index is often reported at the national level. This paper examined ethnic differences in fertility and identified its determinants in Nigeria.

Method: This cross-sectional design study focused on 23,140 women aged 15-49 years. Fertility was measured from information on the full birth history of women of reproductive age. Fertility was assessed using descriptive statistics, parity progression ratio(PPR) and negative binomial model (α = 0.05).

Results: The total fertility rate was 8.02, 4.91 and 4.43 among women in Hausa/Fulani, Igbo and Yoruba ethnic group respectively. The proportion of women with ≥5 children was highest among the Hausa/Fulani (40%), followed by Igbo (21.6%) and Yoruba (17.5%). For women aged 45-49 years; the PPR was highest among Hausa/Fulani while Igbo and Yoruba exhibited a similar pattern. The mean fertility was 1.725(C.I = 1.661-1.792, p < 0.001) times higher among Hausa/Fulani than Yoruba women, but Igbo and Yoruba women exhibited a similar pattern. Controlling for other factors barely changes this pattern.

Conclusion: Variation existed in fertility across the main ethnic groups in Nigeria, but highest among Hausa/Fulani. Fertility reduction strategies that target improvement in women's education will reduce the fertility rate in Nigeria, particularly among Hausa/Fulani women. Ethnicity is important in fertility reduction strategies in Nigeria.

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尼日利亚生育率的种族差异及其决定因素。
背景:尼日利亚一直有高生育率的报告。尼日利亚的豪萨/富拉尼族、伊博族和约鲁巴族这三个主要民族具有不同的社会文化身份,特别是与生育率有关的社会文化特征,但生育率指数通常在国家层面上报告。本文研究了尼日利亚生育率的种族差异,并确定了其决定因素 年。生育率是根据育龄妇女的完整出生史信息来衡量的。使用描述性统计、产次进展率(PPR)和负二项模型(α = 结果:豪萨/富拉尼族、伊博族和约鲁巴族妇女的总生育率分别为8.02、4.91和4.43。豪萨族/富拉尼族中有≥5个孩子的妇女比例最高(40%),其次是伊博族(21.6%)和约鲁巴族(17.5%) 年;豪萨/富拉尼的PPR最高,而伊博和约鲁巴表现出相似的模式。平均生育率为1.725(C.I = 1.661-1.792,p 结论:尼日利亚主要民族的生育率存在差异,但豪萨/富拉尼人的生育率最高。旨在提高妇女教育水平的降低生育率战略将降低尼日利亚的生育率,尤其是豪萨/富拉尼妇女的生育率。种族在尼日利亚的降低生育率战略中很重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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