Intestinal organoid as an in vitro model in studying host-microbial interactions.

Frontiers in Biology Pub Date : 2017-04-01 Epub Date: 2017-03-07 DOI:10.1007/s11515-017-1444-4
Jun Sun
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

Background: Organoid is an in vitro three-dimensional organ-bud that shows realistic microanatomy and physiologic relevance. The progress in generating organoids that faithfully recapitulate human in vivo tissue composition has extended organoid applications from being just a basic research tool to a translational platform with a wide range of uses. Study of host-microbial interactions relies on model systems to mimic the in vivo infection. Researchers have developed various experimental models in vitro and in vivo to examine the dynamic host-microbial interactions. For some infectious pathogens, model systems are lacking whereas some of the used systems are far from optimal.

Objective: In the present work, we will review the brief history and recent findings using organoids for studying host-microbial interactions.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed search engine. We also shared our data and research contribution to the field.

Results: we summarize the brief history of 3D organoids. We discuss the feasibility of using organoids in studying host-microbial interactions, focusing on the development of intestinal organoids and gastric organoids. We highlight the advantage and challenges of the new experimental models. Further, we discuss the future direction in using organoids in studying host-microbial interactions and its potential application in biomedical studies.

Conclusion: In combination with genetic, transcriptome and proteomic profiling, both murine- and human-derived organoids have revealed crucial aspects of development, homeostasis and diseases. Specifically, human organoids from susceptible host will be used to test their responses to pathogens, probiotics, and drugs. Organoid system is an exciting tool for studying infectious disease, microbiome, and therapy.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

肠道类器官作为研究宿主-微生物相互作用的体外模型。
背景:类器官是一种体外三维器官芽,具有真实的显微解剖学和生理学相关性。在生成忠实地概括人体体内组织组成的类器官方面取得的进展使类器官的应用从仅仅是一种基础研究工具扩展到具有广泛用途的转化平台。宿主-微生物相互作用的研究依赖于模型系统来模拟体内感染。研究人员已经开发了各种体外和体内实验模型来研究宿主-微生物的动态相互作用。对于一些传染性病原体,缺乏模型系统,而一些使用的系统远非最佳。目的:在本工作中,我们将回顾使用类器官研究宿主-微生物相互作用的简史和最新发现。方法:使用PubMed检索引擎进行系统的文献检索。我们还分享了我们对该领域的数据和研究贡献。结果:总结了三维类器官的简史。我们讨论了利用类器官研究宿主-微生物相互作用的可行性,重点讨论了肠道类器官和胃类器官的发展。我们强调了新实验模型的优势和挑战。此外,我们还讨论了利用类器官研究宿主-微生物相互作用的未来方向及其在生物医学研究中的潜在应用。结论:结合遗传、转录组和蛋白质组学分析,小鼠和人类来源的类器官揭示了发育、体内平衡和疾病的关键方面。具体来说,来自易感宿主的人类类器官将用于测试它们对病原体、益生菌和药物的反应。类器官系统是研究传染病、微生物组和治疗的一个令人兴奋的工具。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
584
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Biology is a journal in the field of biology, covering areas including microbiology, cell biology, biochemistry and molecular biology, developmental biology, genetics, paleontology, botany, zoology, aquatic biology, conservation biology, ecology and other related disciplines.
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