Potential Use of Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer.

Journal of Pancreatic Cancer Pub Date : 2019-01-25 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI:10.1089/pancan.2018.0019
Golnaz Sharafi, Hong He, Mehrdad Nikfarjam
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引用次数: 29

Abstract

Background: Cannabinoid extracts may have anticancer properties, which can improve cancer treatment outcomes. The aim of this review is to determine the potentially utility of cannabinoids in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Methods: A literature review focused on the biological effects of cannabinoids in cancer treatment, with a focus on pancreatic cancer, was conducted. In vitro and in vivo studies that investigated the effects of cannabinoids in pancreatic cancer were identified and potential mechanisms of action were assessed. Results: Cannabinol receptors have been identified in pancreatic cancer with several studies showing in vitro antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects. The main active substances found in cannabis plants are cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). There effects are predominately mediated through, but not limited to cannabinoid receptor-1, cannabinoid receptor-2, and G-protein-coupled receptor 55 pathways. In vitro studies consistently demonstrated tumor growth-inhibiting effects with CBD, THC, and synthetic derivatives. Synergistic treatment effects have been shown in two studies with the combination of CBD/synthetic cannabinoid receptor ligands and chemotherapy in xenograft and genetically modified spontaneous pancreatic cancer models. There are, however, no clinical studies to date showing treatment benefits in patients with pancreatic cancer. Conclusions: Cannabinoids may be an effective adjunct for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Data on the anticancer effectiveness of various cannabinoid formulations, treatment dosing, precise mode of action, and clinical studies are lacking.

大麻素在胰腺癌治疗中的潜在应用。
背景:大麻素提取物可能具有抗癌特性,可以改善癌症治疗效果。本综述的目的是确定大麻素在胰腺癌治疗中的潜在效用。方法:以胰腺癌为研究对象,对大麻素在癌症治疗中的生物学作用进行文献综述。体外和体内研究大麻素对胰腺癌的影响,并评估了潜在的作用机制。结果:大麻酚受体已在胰腺癌中被发现,并有多项研究显示其体外抗增殖和促凋亡作用。大麻植物中发现的主要活性物质是大麻二酚(CBD)和四氢大麻酚(THC)。这些作用主要通过但不限于大麻素受体-1,大麻素受体-2和g蛋白偶联受体55途径介导。体外研究一致证明CBD、四氢大麻酚和合成衍生物具有抑制肿瘤生长的作用。在两项研究中,CBD/合成大麻素受体配体联合化疗在异种移植和转基因自发性胰腺癌模型中显示了协同治疗效果。然而,到目前为止,还没有临床研究表明治疗对胰腺癌患者有益。结论:大麻素可能是治疗胰腺癌的有效辅助药物。关于各种大麻素制剂的抗癌效果、治疗剂量、精确的作用方式和临床研究的数据缺乏。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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