Dental roots' and surrounding structures' response after contact with orthodontic mini implants: A systematic literature review.

Abstract

The objective of this article was to conduct a systematic literature review about the consequences and recovery of dental roots' and surrounding structures' after iatrogenic mini implant (MI) contact based on peer reviewed publications of 2008-2017 January. The Cochrane and PRISMA references were used while searching for scientific literature in six data bases. The inclusion criteria to select articles were: 1) root contact evaluation associated with the use of orthodontic MI, 2) the diameter of MI was ≤2.5 mm, 3) the research sample was ≥20 MI, 4) the extent of dental root or surrounding structures damage, the regeneration/degeneration and their progress was described, 5) the condition of dental roots and surrounding structures should be evaluated immediately after damage with MI, after longer contact with MI and after a certain period of time, 6) articles published in 2008-2017 January. Two authors independently reviewed and extracted data from the selected studies and a methodological quality assessment process was used to rank the studies classifying them as low, moderate or high quality. 13 articles met the selection criteria of the research. The success of damaged dental root or surrounding structure regeneration was influenced by the damage extent: the cementum, dentin or periodontal ligament may regenerate; the regeneration of damaged pulp is uncertain. The loss of pulp vitality, root resorption, root fracture, ankylosis or osteosclerosis are rare complications. Dental roots may resorb due to contact with MI, but the regeneration is possible after cause removal.