Examination of Dysglycaemia among Newly Diagnosed Tuberculosis Patients in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Tuberculosis Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2018-09-24 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2018/1830372
Ernest Yorke, Vincent Boima, Ida Dzifa Dey, Yacoba Atiase, Josephine Akpalu, Alfred Edwin Yawson, Vincent Ganu, Audrey Forson, C Charles Mate-Kole
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Abstract

The burden of both tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus in developing countries including Ghana is high; often, the two coexist and impact each other negatively. Objective. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictive factors of dysglycaemia among newly diagnosed smear positive tuberculosis patients at a tertiary tuberculosis treatment centre in Ghana. Methods. Dysglycaemia at diagnosis was determined by the use of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), while sputum smear microscopy was used to assess the sputum status. Only smear positive patients were included in the study. Information on sociodemographic, anthropometrical, clinical, and medication history was also obtained. Results. In all, 146 participants, aged 18 to 75 years with a mean age of 38.7 years comprising 115 (78.8%) males and 31 (21.2%) females, were involved in the analysis. Upon initial screening, using fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 91.1 % had normal fasting level, 5.5 % had impaired fasting, and 3.4% were diagnosed with diabetes. Using 2-hour postprandial values (2HPP), 59.6% had normal plasma glucose, 28.8 % had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 11.6 % were diagnosed with diabetes. Overall, the prevalence of dysglycaemia (i.e., impaired fasting and diabetes) was 8.9% (95% CI: 5.21-14.82%) with FPG test and 40.4% (95% CI: 32.68-48.65%) with 2HPP test. The analysis revealed that 2HPP was associated with high mean age compared to FPG (36.67 ± 13.97 versus 41.69 ± 13.97, p-value = 0.033). In addition, marital status was significantly associated with FPG status of patients (p = 0.028). Conclusion. The prevalence of dysglycaemia was high among smear positive TB patients in Ghana. Higher mean age and marital status were associated with abnormal glucose tolerance and fasting plasma glucose, respectively. Clinical management of patients with tuberculosis should include screening for diabetes.

加纳新诊断肺结核患者的血糖异常检查:一项横断面研究。
在包括加纳在内的发展中国家,结核病(TB)和糖尿病的发病率都很高;这两种疾病往往同时存在,并对彼此产生负面影响。研究目的本研究旨在确定加纳一家三级结核病治疗中心新诊断的涂片阳性结核病患者中血糖异常的患病率和预测因素。方法。诊断时的血糖异常通过口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)确定,痰涂片显微镜检查用于评估痰液状况。只有涂片呈阳性的患者才被纳入研究。此外,还获得了社会人口学、人体测量学、临床和用药史等方面的信息。研究结果共有 146 人参与了分析,年龄在 18 至 75 岁之间,平均年龄为 38.7 岁,其中男性 115 人(78.8%),女性 31 人(21.2%)。通过空腹血浆葡萄糖(FPG)初步筛查,91.1%的人空腹血糖水平正常,5.5%的人空腹血糖水平受损,3.4%的人被诊断为糖尿病。根据餐后 2 小时血糖值(2HPP),59.6% 的人血糖正常,28.8% 的人糖耐量受损,11.6% 的人被诊断为糖尿病。总体而言,采用 FPG 测试的血糖异常(即空腹血糖受损和糖尿病)发生率为 8.9%(95% CI:5.21-14.82%),采用 2HPP 测试的血糖异常发生率为 40.4%(95% CI:32.68-48.65%)。分析显示,与 FPG 相比,2HPP 与平均年龄偏高有关(36.67 ± 13.97 对 41.69 ± 13.97,P 值 = 0.033)。此外,婚姻状况与患者的 FPG 状态有显著相关性(p = 0.028)。结论加纳涂片阳性肺结核患者的血糖异常发生率很高。平均年龄较高和婚姻状况较好分别与糖耐量异常和空腹血浆葡萄糖有关。结核病患者的临床管理应包括糖尿病筛查。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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审稿时长
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