Evidence-based Non-pharmacologic Interventions for Managing Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Mental Health Issues in Residents in Assisted Living.

Abstract

The problem: Mental health issues such as depression and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) (e.g. agitation, aggression, rejection of care, wandering) are prevalent among residents in Assisted Living Facilities (ALF). Historically, these issues have only been treated with medications that can have a high risk of adverse effects in this population. This paper presents a scoping review of nonpharmacological interventions tested in ALFs for two of the most prevalent mental health issues: depression and NPS.

Key findings: Thirteen studies met inclusion criteria. Of those, eight (61.5%) found positive outcomes. Activity based and music therapy that utilize customization to interests and abilities showed the most promise.

Tips for success: Based on findings we offer five recommendations: 1) adopt evidence-based or evidence-informed interventions; 2) use tailored activity as a therapeutic modality; 3) adopt new training approaches for staff; 4) use emerging technologies for training and intervention; and 5) participate in practice based research.