A review of 500 patients with acute stroke admitted to the University Hospital of Saudi Arabia. Similarities and differences compared with the published literature.

Abstract

Published studies have shown differences in types and underlying mechanisms of stroke between different regions of the world. There is a lack of published literature describing the characteristics of acute stroke in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to identify different types and associated risk factors among acute stroke patients in Saudi Arabia. In this descriptive study, records of 500 patients with acute stroke were included. Acute stroke was classified as ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis or subarachnoid hemorrhage. The TOAST classification was used to categorize ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was found to be the most common type (86.6%). The patients included comprised 326 (65.2%) males and 174 (34.8%) females. Small vessel occlusive disease was the most common etiology of ischemic stroke. The males had a lower mean age than the females (p=0.00). The results of our study are largely in agreement with published literature, although a few differences emerged which need to be verified through further prospective multicenter studies.