Etiological Trends and Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance in Respiratory Infections.

Q3 Immunology and Microbiology

Open Microbiology Journal Pub Date : 2018-03-30 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI:10.2174/1874285801812010034

Salma M Al-Zain Ahmed, Sara S Abdelrahman, Doua M Saad, Isra S Osman, Modasir G Osman, Eltahir A G Khalil

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引用次数: 20

Abstract

Background: Respiratory infections are one of the commonest causes of morbidity and mortality related to infectious diseases worldwide. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a major global health problem which is well established in developing countries. Good clinical suspicion and correct laboratory identification of respiratory infection causing organisms followed by the appropriate management are needed to compact both community-acquired and nosocomial infection respiratory infections.

Objectives: A retrospective study was carried out to elucidate the etiology of respiratory infections in Sudan, as well as to guide the physician to the best antimicrobial alternatives used in the treatment of respiratory infection.

Method: Respiratory isolates that have been morphologically identified and biologically characterized were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing.

Results: A total of 1481 respiratory specimens were examined, recovering 377 organisms from 350 culture positive samples [225(59.7%) sputum, 94(24.9%) broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL), 58(15.4%) Pleural fluid], the commonest organisms were Klebsiella ssp. (25.20%) and mycobacterium tuberculosis (25.20%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus(19.89%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(8.49%). High rate of resistance of bacterial isolates was observed to Co-trimoxazole (BA), Ampicillin sulbactam (AS), Cefotaxime (CF) and Tetracycline (TE), being 80%, 72.3%, 68.8% and 66.9% respectively; on the other hand, very low resistance rate was found to Amikacin (AK) and Levofloxacin (LE), being 4.6% and 8.5%, respectively.

Conclusion: Guided prescription of antimicrobial agents must be implemented and controlled to limit further spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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呼吸道感染中抗菌素耐药性的病原学趋势和模式。

背景:呼吸道感染是世界范围内与传染病相关的最常见的发病和死亡原因之一。抗菌素耐药性的出现是一个重大的全球卫生问题，这在发展中国家是公认的。要减少社区获得性和医院感染的呼吸道感染，需要良好的临床怀疑和正确的实验室鉴定引起呼吸道感染的微生物，并进行适当的管理。目的:进行一项回顾性研究，以阐明苏丹呼吸道感染的病因，并指导医生在治疗呼吸道感染时使用最佳的抗菌药物。方法:对经形态学鉴定和生物学鉴定的呼吸道分离菌进行抗生素敏感性试验。结果:共检出呼吸道标本1481份，培养阳性标本350份，检出病原菌377种[痰液225份(59.7%)，支气管肺泡灌洗液94份(24.9%)，胸膜液58份(15.4%)]，其中最常见的病原菌为克雷伯氏菌。其次是金黄色葡萄球菌(19.89%)和铜绿假单胞菌(8.49%)。菌株对复方新诺明(BA)、氨苄西林舒巴坦(AS)、头孢噻肟(CF)和四环素(TE)的耐药率较高，分别为80%、72.3%、68.8%和66.9%;另一方面，阿米卡星(AK)和左氧氟沙星(LE)的耐药率极低，分别为4.6%和8.5%。结论:必须实施和控制抗菌药物的指导处方，以限制抗菌药物耐药性的进一步传播。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Open Microbiology Journal Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology and Microbiology (all)

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Open Microbiology Journal is a peer-reviewed open access journal which publishes research articles, reviews/mini-reviews, case studies, guest edited thematic issues and short communications/letters covering theoretical and practical aspects of Microbial systematics, evolutionary microbiology, immunology, virology, parasitology , bacteriology, mycology, phycology, protozoology, microbial ecology, molecular biology, microbial physiology, biochemistry, microbial pathogenesis, host-microbe interaction, systems microbiology, synthetic microbiology, bioinformatics. The Open Microbiology Journal , a peer-reviewed journal, is an important and reliable source of current information on developments in the field. The emphasis will be on publishing quality papers rapidly and freely available to researchers worldwide.