Maria Fusaro, Maria Cristina Mereu, Andrea Aghi, Giorgio Iervasi, Maurizio Gallieni
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Vitamin K is mainly known as an agent involved in blood coagulation, maintaining the activity of coagulation factors in the liver. In addition, epidemiological studies suggested that a lack of vitamin K is associated with several diseases, including osteoporosis and vascular calcification. There are two main kinds of vitamin K: Phylloquinone (or PK) and Menaquinones (MKn), both act as co-enzyme of y-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) transforming under-carboxylated in carboxylated vitamin K dependent proteins, such as Bone Gla Protein (or Osteocalcin) and Matrix Gla Protein. Recently, Vitamin K was also identified as a ligand of the nuclear steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) (in murine species Pregnane X Receptor: PXR), expressed in osteoblasts. The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the protective role of Vitamin K in bone and vascular health.
众所周知，维生素 K 主要参与血液凝固，维持肝脏中凝血因子的活性。此外，流行病学研究表明，缺乏维生素 K 与多种疾病有关，包括骨质疏松症和血管钙化。维生素 K 主要有两种：植物醌（或 PK）和萘醌（MKn），二者都是 y-谷氨酰羧化酶（GGCX）的辅酶，在依赖于维生素 K 的羧化蛋白（如骨釉蛋白（或骨钙蛋白）和基质釉蛋白）中转化为欠羧化。最近，维生素 K 还被确认为在成骨细胞中表达的核类固醇和异生物受体 (SXR) （在鼠类中为孕烷 X 受体：PXR）的配体。本文献综述旨在评估维生素 K 对骨骼和血管健康的保护作用。
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