Edible Mushrooms from Niger Delta, Nigeria with Heavy Metal Levels of Public Health Concern: A Human Health Risk Assessment.

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Sorbari Igbiri, Nnaemeka A Udowelle, Osazuwa C Ekhator, Rose N Asomugha, Zelinjo N Igweze, Orish E Orisakwe
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引用次数: 14

Abstract

Background: Mushrooms (US6759049B2, CA2372185A1, DE60108325D1) can be contaminated by heavy metals as described in various patents.

Objective: This study has determined the potential human health risk associated with the consumption of mushroom in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, Sn, Cu, Ni, Al and Zn in both wild/cultivated mushroom and background soil/substrate were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS).

Methods: Heavy metal pollution was calculated using Bio-Concentration Factor (BCF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) while human health risk assessment employed Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), Carcinogenic Risk (CR) and Total Cancer Risk (TCR). The mean concentration of metals in mushroom and soil/substrate ranged from 0.021 mg/kg - 29.16 mg/kg and 0.01 mg/kg - 56.11 mg/kg. When compared with standards by WHO, EU, SON, DPR, USEPA and NAFDAC, 100% violation was observed in Ni, Cu, Cd, Zn and partial violation by Pb in the mushroom sample although soil heavy metal concentrations were within safe limits.

Results: There was bioconcentration and heavy metal enrichment as PLI ranged from 3.39 - 23.58. Estimated daily intakes were (0.00 - 0.47, 0.00 - 0.51 and 0.00 - 1.17) mg/kg/day and THQ were (0.01 - 0.46, 0.01 - 0.31 and 0.03 - 1.51) for adults, adolescents and children respectively. There was a violation of Permissible Tolerable Daily Intakes (PTDI) set by JECFA. Hazard indices were all >1, another indication of health concern.

Conclusion: Nickel showed the highest carcinogenic risk with values of 4.83E-04 - 1.43E-01, 5.31E-04 - 1.00E-01 and 1.20E-03 - 2.29E-01 for adults, adolescents and children respectively. About 80% of TCR ranged from x10-1 - x10-3. Consumption of mushroom in Niger delta-Nigeria may pose significant health risk.

来自尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲的食用菌重金属含量对公众健康的影响:人体健康风险评估。
背景:蘑菇(US6759049B2, CA2372185A1, DE60108325D1)可被各种专利描述的重金属污染。目的:本研究确定了尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲地区蘑菇消费的潜在人类健康风险。采用原子吸收光谱仪(AAS)测定了野生/栽培蘑菇和背景土壤/基质中Pb、Cd、Sn、Cu、Ni、Al和Zn的含量。方法:采用生物浓度因子(BCF)和污染负荷指数(PLI)计算重金属污染,采用估计每日摄入量(EDI)、目标危害商(THQ)、危害指数(HI)、致癌风险(CR)和总致癌风险(TCR)进行人体健康风险评价。蘑菇和土壤/基质中金属的平均浓度为0.021 mg/kg ~ 29.16 mg/kg和0.01 mg/kg ~ 56.11 mg/kg。与WHO、EU、SON、DPR、USEPA、NAFDAC等标准比较,蘑菇样品中Ni、Cu、Cd、Zn均100%超标,Pb部分超标,土壤重金属含量均在安全范围内。结果:生物富集和重金属富集,PLI范围为3.39 ~ 23.58。成人、青少年和儿童的估计日摄入量分别为(0.00 - 0.47、0.00 - 0.51和0.00 - 1.17)mg/kg/d, THQ分别为(0.01 - 0.46、0.01 - 0.31和0.03 - 1.51)。违反了JECFA规定的每日容许容许摄入量(PTDI)。危害指数均>1,再次提示存在健康问题。结论:镍对成人、青少年和儿童的致癌风险最高,分别为4.83E-04 ~ 1.43E-01、5.31E-04 ~ 1.00E-01和1.20E-03 ~ 2.29E-01。约80%的TCR范围为x10-1 - x10-3。在尼日尔三角洲-尼日利亚食用香菇可能会造成重大的健康风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Recent patents on food, nutrition & agriculture
Recent patents on food, nutrition & agriculture Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
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