Comparison of Enamel Morphologic Characteristics after Conditioning with Various Combinations of Acid Etchant and Er:YAG Laser in Bonding and Rebonding Procedures: A SEM Analysis.

Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad Akhoundi, Ardavan Etemadi, Maryam Nasiri, Elahe Soltanmohamadi Borujeni
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Abstract

Objectives: Many studies have evaluated re-etched enamel by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); however, there is no evidence regarding the use of Erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser at primary and secondary bonding instead of acid etching with regards to enamel surface changes. The purpose of the present study was to determine that whether or not the methods of primary and secondary enamel preparation affect enamel characteristics after rebonding, by using SEM analysis.

Materials and methods: Twelve freshly extracted premolars were divided into 4 groups. The samples in each group were conditioned by acid etchant or Er:YAG laser at primary conditioning, according to the instructions. Afterwards, they were bonded with orthodontic brackets. After debonding, the samples were prepared for second conditioning. Also, two samples were conditioned only once with acid etchant or laser, to compare enamel morphology changes with those after re-etching. Finally, buccal enamel surfaces were evaluated using SEM.

Results: Enamel etching patterns were observed in the samples which had been acid-conditioned at first or at both conditionings. The samples irradiated by Er:YAG laser showed amorphous and irregular surfaces, with no signs of typical etching patterns. A large deep gap was seen in one of the samples irradiated with laser at primary and secondary conditionings, which might have penetrated the underling layers of enamel and dentin.

Conclusions: Enamel surface preparation with Er:YAG laser produces irregular and indistinct morphologic changes, completely different from those produced after acid etching at both conditioning and reconditioning. Therefore, it is recommended to use this laser with caution to avoid permanent enamel damage.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

不同酸蚀剂和Er:YAG激光组合对牙釉质成键和再成键的影响:SEM分析
目的:利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对再蚀牙釉质进行评价;然而,没有证据表明在一次键合和二次键合中使用掺铒钇铝石榴石(Er:YAG)激光代替酸蚀对釉质表面变化的影响。本研究的目的是通过扫描电镜分析,确定一、二次牙釉质制备方法是否会影响再粘接后的牙釉质特性。材料与方法:将12颗新鲜拔除的前磨牙分为4组。各组样品按说明书进行酸蚀或Er:YAG激光初始调理。之后,用正畸托槽粘接。脱粘后,制备样品进行二次调理。此外,两个样品仅用酸蚀剂或激光处理一次,以比较再次蚀刻后的牙釉质形态变化。最后,用扫描电镜对口腔牙釉质表面进行评价。结果:在首次酸处理或两种酸处理的样品中均观察到牙釉质蚀刻图案。经Er:YAG激光辐照后,样品表面呈无定形、不规则,无典型蚀刻痕迹。其中一个样品在初级和次级条件下被激光照射后,可以看到一个大而深的缺口,这可能已经穿透了牙釉质和牙本质的底层。结论:Er:YAG激光制备牙釉质表面时,牙釉质表面的形态变化不规则且不明显,与酸蚀预处理和酸蚀修复后的牙釉质表面形态完全不同。因此,建议谨慎使用该激光,以免对牙釉质造成永久性损伤。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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