Assessing the Effect of Dental Implants Thread Design on Distribution of Stress in Impact Loadings Using Three Dimensional Finite Element Method.

Abstract

Statement of problem: Impacts and accidents are considered as the main fac- tors in losing the teeth, so the analysis and design of the implants that they can be more resistant against impacts is very important. One of the important nu- merical methods having widespread application in various fields of engineering sciences is the finite element method. Among its wide applications, the study of distribution of power in complex structures can be noted.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to assess the geometric effect and the type of implant thread on its performance; we also made an attempt to determine the created stress using finite element method.

Materials and methods: In this study, the three dimensional model of bone by using Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) of the patient has been provided. The implants in this study are designed by Solid Works software. Loading is simulated in explicit dynamic, by struck of a rigid body with the speed of 1 mm/s to implant vertically and horizontally; and the maximum level of induced stress for the cortical and trabecular bone in the ANSYS Workbench software was calculated.

Results: By considering the results of this study, it was identified that, among the designed samples, the maximum imposed stress in the cortical bone layer occurred in the first group (straight threads) and the maximum stress value in the trabecular bone layer and implant occurred in the second group (tapered threads).

Conclusions: Due to the limitations of this study, the implants with more depth thread, because of the increased contact surface of the implant with the bone, caused more stability; also, the implant with smaller thread and shorter pitch length caused more stress to the bone.