Monitoring Pathogen-Induced Sickness in Mice and Rats

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Current protocols in mouse biology Pub Date : 2017-06-19 DOI:10.1002/cpmo.27

Daria Kolmogorova, Emma Murray, Nafissa Ismail

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引用次数: 20

Abstract

Sickness behavior monitoring, a technique for examining the development of sickness symptomatology following infection, is necessary in experiments studying neurochemical and physiological changes associated with pathogen-induced immune activation. However, the results of sickness behavior monitoring are difficult to reconcile due to inconsistencies in protocol methods and rater bias. The protocol described herein offers a non-invasive and unbiased approach to assess the progression of pathogen-induced sickness behaviors. This simple, straightforward method uses a five-point scale to assess animals for the presence of four sickness behaviors (i.e., ‘“0” = no sickness behaviors; “4” = four sickness behaviors) at various time points following exposure to a pathogen. This approach removes the ambiguity and bias inherent to other methods of sickness behavior monitoring that rely on subjective ratings of severity for individual symptoms. This protocol has been successfully applied to male and female rodents injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, and has been effective in pubertal and adult populations. Protocols for changes in body temperature and weight are also provided as physiological markers of sickness. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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小鼠和大鼠病原性疾病的监测

疾病行为监测是一种检测感染后疾病症状发展的技术，在研究与病原体诱导的免疫激活相关的神经化学和生理变化的实验中是必要的。然而，由于协议方法的不一致和评分偏差，疾病行为监测的结果难以调和。本文所描述的方案提供了一种非侵入性和无偏倚的方法来评估病原体引起的疾病行为的进展。这种简单直接的方法使用五分制来评估动物是否存在四种病态行为(即，“0”=没有病态行为;“4”=四种疾病行为)在接触病原体后的不同时间点。这种方法消除了其他疾病行为监测方法固有的模糊性和偏见，这些方法依赖于对个体症状严重程度的主观评分。该方案已成功应用于雄性和雌性啮齿动物腹腔注射脂多糖和多肌苷:多胞酸，并已有效地在青春期和成年人群。还提供了体温和体重变化的方案，作为疾病的生理标志。©2017 by John Wiley &儿子,Inc。

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Current protocols in mouse biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

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期刊介绍： Sound and reproducible laboratory methods are the foundation of scientific discovery. Yet, all too often, nuances that are critical for an experiment''s success are not captured in the primary literature but exist only as part of a lab''s oral tradition. The aim of Current Protocols in Mouse Biology is to provide the clearest, most detailed and reliable step-by-step instructions for protocols involving the use of mice in biomedical research. Written by experts in the field and extensively edited to our exacting standards, the protocols include all of the information necessary to complete an experiment in the laboratory—introduction, materials lists with supplier information, detailed step-by-step procedures with helpful annotations, recipes for reagents and solutions, illustrative figures and information-packed tables. Each article also provides invaluable discussions of background information, applications of the methods, important assumptions, key parameters, time considerations, and tips to help avoid common pitfalls and troubleshoot experiments. Furthermore, Current Protocols in Mouse Biology content is thoughtfully organized by topic for optimal usage and to maximize contextual knowledge. Quarterly issues allow Current Protocols to constantly evolve to keep pace with the newest discoveries and developments. Current Protocols in Mouse Biology brings together resources in mouse biology and genetics and provides a mouse protocol resource that covers all aspects of mouse biology. Current Protocols in Mouse Biology also permits optimization of mouse model usage, which is significantly impacted by both cost and ethical constraints. Optimal and standardized mouse protocols ultimately reduce experimental variability and reduce the number of animals used in mouse experiments.