High resolution hemodynamic profiling of murine arteriovenous fistula using magnetic resonance imaging and computational fluid dynamics.

Q1 Mathematics
Daniel Pike, Yan-Ting Shiu, Maheshika Somarathna, Lingling Guo, Tatyana Isayeva, John Totenhagen, Timmy Lee
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引用次数: 17

Abstract

Background: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation failure remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. The two major etiologies of AVF maturation failure are early neointimal hyperplasia development and persistent inadequate outward remodeling. Although hemodynamic changes following AVF creation may impact AVF remodeling and contribute to neointimal hyperplasia development and impaired outward remodeling, detailed AVF hemodynamics are not yet fully known. Since murine AVF models are valuable tools for investigating the pathophysiology of AVF maturation failure, there is a need for a new approach that allows the hemodynamic characterization of murine AVF at high resolutions.

Methods: This methods paper presents a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method that we developed to rigorously quantify the evolving hemodynamic environment in murine AVF. The lumen geometry of the entire murine AVF was reconstructed from high resolution, non-contrast 2D T2-weighted fast spin echo MRI sequence, and the flow rates of the AVF inflow and outflow were extracted from a gradient echo velocity mapping sequence. Using these MRI-obtained lumen geometry and inflow information, CFD modeling was performed and used to calculate blood flow velocity and hemodynamic factors at high resolutions (on the order of 0.5 μm spatially and 0.1 ms temporally) throughout the entire AVF lumen. We investigated both the wall properties (including wall shear stress (WSS), wall shear stress spatial gradient, and oscillatory shear index (OSI)) and the volumetric properties (including vorticity, helicity, and Q-criterion).

Results: Our results demonstrate increases in AVF flow velocity, WSS, spatial WSS gradient, and OSI within 3 weeks post-AVF creation when compared to pre-surgery. We also observed post-operative increases in flow disturbances and vortices, as indicated by increased vorticity, helicity, and Q-criterion.

Conclusions: This novel protocol will enable us to undertake future mechanistic studies to delineate the relationship between hemodynamics and AVF development and characterize biological mechanisms that regulate local hemodynamic factors in transgenic murine AVF models.

利用磁共振成像和计算流体动力学对小鼠动静脉瘘进行高分辨率血流动力学分析。
背景:动静脉瘘(AVF)成熟失败仍然是血液透析患者发病和死亡的主要原因。AVF成熟失败的两个主要原因是早期内膜增生和持续的外重构不足。虽然AVF形成后的血流动力学变化可能影响AVF重塑,并导致新生内膜增生和外重构受损,但详细的AVF血流动力学尚不完全清楚。由于小鼠AVF模型是研究AVF成熟衰竭病理生理学的宝贵工具,因此需要一种新的方法来高分辨率地表征小鼠AVF的血流动力学特征。方法:本文提出了一种基于磁共振成像(MRI)的计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,该方法严格量化了小鼠AVF血流动力学环境的演变。利用高分辨率、非对比2D t2加权快速自旋回波MRI序列重构了整个小鼠动静脉f的腔内几何结构,并利用梯度回波速度映射序列提取了动静脉f流入和流出的流速。利用这些mri获得的管腔几何形状和流入信息,进行CFD建模,并用于计算整个AVF管腔的高分辨率血流速度和血流动力学因子(空间分辨率为0.5 μm,时间分辨率为0.1 ms)。我们研究了壁面特性(包括壁面剪切应力(WSS)、壁面剪切应力空间梯度和振荡剪切指数(OSI))和体积特性(包括涡度、螺旋度和q准则)。结果:我们的研究结果表明,与术前相比,AVF形成后3周内AVF血流速度、WSS、空间WSS梯度和OSI均有所增加。我们还观察到术后流动干扰和漩涡的增加,如涡度、螺旋度和q标准的增加所示。结论:这一新方案将使我们能够开展未来的机制研究,以描述血流动力学与AVF发展之间的关系,并表征转基因小鼠AVF模型中调节局部血流动力学因素的生物学机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling
Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling MATHEMATICAL & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY-
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling is an open access peer-reviewed journal adopting a broad definition of "biology" and focusing on theoretical ideas and models associated with developments in biology and medicine. Mathematicians, biologists and clinicians of various specialisms, philosophers and historians of science are all contributing to the emergence of novel concepts in an age of systems biology, bioinformatics and computer modelling. This is the field in which Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling operates. We welcome submissions that are technically sound and offering either improved understanding in biology and medicine or progress in theory or method.
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