Development, brain plasticity and reward: early high-fat diet exposure confers vulnerability to obesity-view from the chair.

International journal of obesity supplements Pub Date : 2012-12-01 Epub Date: 2012-12-11 DOI:10.1038/ijosup.2012.14
C-D Walker
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

The significant increase in childhood obesity has become a particular concern, and it is recognized that the programming of obesity can arise from events occurring in the peri-conception period, prenatally and/or during the early postnatal period. In particular, high intake of dietary fat by the mother has long-term effects that are worse than once thought. This symposium was designed to outline some of the important consequences of maternal high-fat feeding during gestation and lactation, as well as exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) after weaning, on the programming of homeostatic and hedonic regulation of food intake in both rodents and nonhuman primates (NHPs). Although a consensus emerges that high-fat feeding in early development increases the risk of developing obesity and the metabolic syndrome in adulthood, there is less agreement on the mechanisms through which this risk is conferred. Epigenetic modifications in specific gene promoters within the dopaminergic reward pathways and on the histone code will be discussed. We will also examine the effects of metabolic hormones such as leptin and ghrelin to shape the early development of hypothalamic projections that are critical to control food intake; finally, the importance of placental function in increasing obesity risk in NHP fetus from HFD mothers will be debated.

发育、大脑可塑性和奖励:早期高脂肪饮食暴露容易导致肥胖——从椅子上看
儿童肥胖的显著增加已成为一个特别令人关切的问题,人们认识到,肥胖的规划可由围孕期、产前和/或产后早期发生的事件引起。特别是,母亲饮食中摄入的大量脂肪,其长期影响比以前想象的要严重。本次研讨会旨在概述妊娠和哺乳期母体高脂肪喂养的一些重要后果,以及断奶后暴露于高脂肪饮食(HFD),对啮齿类动物和非人灵长类动物(NHPs)食物摄入的稳态和享乐调节的编程。尽管人们一致认为,在发育早期高脂肪喂养会增加成年后患肥胖症和代谢综合征的风险,但对于这种风险产生的机制却不太一致。将讨论多巴胺能奖赏通路和组蛋白编码中特定基因启动子的表观遗传修饰。我们还将研究代谢激素(如瘦素和胃饥饿素)对下丘脑投影的早期发育的影响,下丘脑投影对控制食物摄入至关重要;最后,将讨论胎盘功能在HFD母亲的NHP胎儿肥胖风险增加中的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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