[Cytogenetic effects in Allium schoenoprasum growing on the anthropogenically contaminated soil].

E S Belykh, T A Maystrenko
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Abstract

Cytogenetic effects in Allium schoenoprasum meristematic root tip cells grown for a year on the territory contaminated with 235U, 238U and 232Th decay series radionuclides, heavy metals and As were studied. The area is characterized with different concentrations of chemical compounds in soil affecting a toxic element migration in biocoenosis. Analysis of the chromosome aberration spectrum showed an ambiguous cell response to soil contamination. Within the weighted absorbed dose range up to 1.2 Gy the higher the dose the aberrant cell frequency increase was shown. But further increase in the dose resulted in a genotoxic effect decrease due to high toxic effects of heavy metals and radionuclides in soil. This was registered as a mitotic index decrease that can provoke a chromosome aberration frequency underestimation and result in erroneous conclusions about genotoxic effects in A. schoenoprasum used as a bioindicator.

[在人为污染土壤上生长的小葱细胞遗传学效应]。
研究了在受235U、238U和232Th放射性核素、重金属和砷污染的土壤上生长1年的小葱(Allium schoenoprasum)分生根尖细胞的细胞遗传学效应。该地区的特点是土壤中不同浓度的化合物影响了生物群落中有毒元素的迁移。染色体畸变谱分析表明,细胞对土壤污染的反应不明确。在1.2 Gy的加权吸收剂量范围内,剂量越高,细胞频率异常增加。但是,由于土壤中重金属和放射性核素的高毒性作用,剂量的进一步增加导致遗传毒性作用减少。这是有丝分裂指数的下降,可引起染色体畸变频率的低估,并导致错误的结论,对遗传毒性的影响,作为一种生物指标。
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