The AngFus3 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Controls Hyphal Differentiation and Secondary Metabolism in Aspergillus niger.

Eukaryotic Cell Pub Date : 2015-06-01 Epub Date: 2015-04-17 DOI:10.1128/EC.00018-15
Bert-Ewald Priegnitz, Ulrike Brandt, Khomaizon A K Pahirulzaman, Jeroen S Dickschat, André Fleißner
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引用次数: 19

Abstract

Adaptation to a changing environment is essential for the survival and propagation of sessile organisms, such as plants or fungi. Filamentous fungi commonly respond to a worsening of their growth conditions by differentiation of asexually or sexually produced spores. The formation of these specialized cell types is, however, also triggered as part of the general life cycle by hyphal age or density. Spores typically serve for dispersal and, therefore, translocation but can also act as resting states to endure times of scarcity. Eukaryotic differentiation in response to environmental and self-derived signals is commonly mediated by three-tiered mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling cascades. Here, we report that the MAP kinase Fus3 of the black mold Aspergillus niger (AngFus3) and its upstream kinase AngSte7 control vegetative spore formation and secondary metabolism. Mutants lacking these kinases are defective in conidium induction in response to hyphal density but are fully competent in starvation-induced sporulation, indicating that conidiation in A. niger is triggered by various independent signals. In addition, the mutants exhibit an altered profile of volatile metabolites and secrete dark pigments into the growth medium, suggesting a dysregulation of the secondary metabolism. By assigning the AngFus3 MAP kinase pathway to the transduction of a potentially self-derived trigger, this work contributes to the unraveling of the intricate signaling networks controlling fungal differentiation. Moreover, our data further support earlier observations that differentiation and secondary metabolism are tightly linked in filamentous fungi.

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AngFus3丝裂原活化蛋白激酶调控黑曲霉菌丝分化和次生代谢。
适应不断变化的环境对植物或真菌等无根生物的生存和繁殖至关重要。丝状真菌通常通过分化无性或有性产生的孢子来应对其生长条件的恶化。然而,这些特化细胞类型的形成也是由菌丝年龄或密度作为一般生命周期的一部分触发的。孢子通常用于传播和转运,但也可以作为静止状态来忍受稀缺时期。真核生物对环境和自源信号的分化通常是由三层丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号级联介导的。本文报道黑霉黑曲霉的MAP激酶Fus3及其上游激酶AngSte7控制营养孢子的形成和次生代谢。缺乏这些激酶的突变体在响应菌丝密度时孢子诱导缺陷,但在饥饿诱导的孢子形成中完全胜任,这表明黑曲霉的孢子形成是由各种独立的信号触发的。此外,突变体表现出挥发性代谢物的改变,并向生长培养基中分泌深色色素,表明次生代谢失调。通过将AngFus3 MAP激酶途径指定为潜在的自衍生触发器的转导,这项工作有助于揭示控制真菌分化的复杂信号网络。此外,我们的数据进一步支持了早期的观察结果,即丝状真菌的分化和次级代谢密切相关。
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来源期刊
Eukaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell 生物-微生物学
自引率
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审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Eukaryotic Cell (EC) focuses on eukaryotic microbiology and presents reports of basic research on simple eukaryotic microorganisms, such as yeasts, fungi, algae, protozoa, and social amoebae. The journal also covers viruses of these organisms and their organelles and their interactions with other living systems, where the focus is on the eukaryotic cell. Topics include: - Basic biology - Molecular and cellular biology - Mechanisms, and control, of developmental pathways - Structure and form inherent in basic biological processes - Cellular architecture - Metabolic physiology - Comparative genomics, biochemistry, and evolution - Population dynamics - Ecology
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