[Downstream migration, behavior, and distribution of fish fry in the lower reaches of the Ozernaya River (southwestern Kamchatka)].

D S Pavlov, E A Kirillova, P I Kirillov, V K Nezdoliĭ
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Abstract

Fry of five species of salmonids are found in the lower reaches of the Ozernaya River. The most abundant are chum salmon and pink salmon which compose the bulk of fry which migrate downstream from the river to the sea. The dates and duration of migration of particular species differed according to the specific traits of their biology. Pink salmon is characterized by a simple migration strategy: it migrated downstream in a short time after emergence from theground. Chum salmon has two strategies of downstream migration: some fry start migration soon after emergence, and others remained in the river for several weeks. Downstream migration of pink salmon occurred mainly at night in contrast to that of chum salmon, over 24 h, the part of daytime increased with growth, of the fish. Migration of pink salmon was passive. Passive migration of chum salmon changed into active-passive with growth of the fish. The ratio of fish in the inshore zone and in the current was different in the course of 24 h. The number of fish in the inshore zone decreased in the period of intensive downstream migration.

[Ozernaya河下游(堪察加半岛西南部)鱼苗的下游迁移、行为和分布]。
在奥泽纳亚河下游发现了五种鲑鱼的鱼苗。最丰富的是鲑鱼和粉鲑鱼,它们构成了从河流下游迁移到海洋的大部分鱼苗。特定物种的迁徙日期和持续时间因其生物学特性而异。粉红鲑鱼的特点是迁徙策略简单:从地下冒出来后,在短时间内向下游迁移。大马哈鱼有两种下游迁徙的策略:一些鱼苗在出现后不久就开始迁徙,而另一些则在河中停留数周。与大马哈鱼相比,粉鲑鱼的下游迁徙主要发生在夜间,在24 h内,白天的部分随着鱼的生长而增加。粉鲑的迁移是被动的。随着鱼的生长,大马哈鱼由被动洄游转变为主动-被动洄游。在24 h的过程中,近岸区和海流中的鱼的比例不同,近岸区鱼的数量在下游密集洄游期间有所减少。
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