Oxidative Potential of Particles in Different Occupational Environments: A Pilot Study.

Annals of Occupational Hygiene Pub Date : 2015-08-01 Epub Date: 2015-04-06 DOI:10.1093/annhyg/mev024
Sauvain Jean-Jacques, Deslarzes Simon, Storti Ferdinand, Riediker Michael
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引用次数: 25

Abstract

The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter has been proposed as a toxicologically relevant metric. This concept is already frequently used for hazard characterization of ambient particles but it is still seldom applied in the occupational field. The objective of this study was to assess the OP in two different types of workplaces and to investigate the relationship between the OP and the physicochemical characteristics of the collected particles. At a toll station, at the entrance of a tunnel ('Tunnel' site), and at three different mechanical yards ('Depot' sites), we assessed particle mass (PM4 and PM2.5 and size distribution), number and surface area, organic and elemental carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), and four quinones as well as iron and copper concentration. The OP was determined directly on filters without extraction by using the dithiothreitol assay (DTT assay-OP(DTT)). The averaged mass concentration of respirable particles (PM4) at the Tunnel site was about twice the one at the Depot sites (173±103 and 90±36 µg m(-3), respectively), whereas the OP(DTT) was practically identical for all the sites (10.6±7.2 pmol DTT min(-1) μg(-1) at the Tunnel site; 10.4±4.6 pmol DTT min(-1) μg(-1) at the Depot sites). The OP(DTT) of PM4 was mostly present on the smallest PM2.5 fraction (OP(DTT) PM2.5: 10.2±8.1 pmol DTT min(-1) μg(-1); OP(DTT) PM4: 10.5±5.8 pmol DTT min(-1) μg(-1) for all sites), suggesting the presence of redox inactive components in the PM2.5-4 fraction. Although the reactivity was similar at the Tunnel and Depot sites irrespective of the metric chosen (OP(DTT) µg(-1) or OP(DTT) m(-3)), the chemicals associated with OP(DTT) were different between the two types of workplaces. The organic carbon, quinones, and/or metal content (Fe, Cu) were strongly associated with the DTT reactivity at the Tunnel site whereas only Fe and PAH were associated (positively and negatively, respectively) with this reactivity at the Depot sites. These results demonstrate the feasibility of measuring of the OP(DTT) in occupational environments and suggest that the particulate OP(DTT) is integrative of different physicochemical properties. This parameter could be a potentially useful exposure proxy for investigating particle exposure-related oxidative stress and its consequences. Further research is needed mostly to demonstrate the association of OP(DTT) with relevant oxidative endpoints in humans exposed to particles.

不同职业环境中颗粒氧化电位的初步研究。
颗粒物的氧化电位(OP)已被提出作为一种毒理学相关指标。这个概念已经经常用于环境颗粒的危害表征,但在职业领域仍然很少应用。本研究的目的是评估两种不同类型工作场所的OP,并调查OP与所收集颗粒的物理化学特性之间的关系。在一个收费站、隧道入口(“隧道”站点)和三个不同的机械堆场(“仓库”站点),我们评估了颗粒质量(PM4和PM2.5及其大小分布)、数量和表面积、有机碳和元素碳、多环芳烃(PAH)、四种醌以及铁和铜浓度。采用二硫苏糖醇法(DTT法-OP(DTT))直接在滤网上测定OP,无需提取。隧道站点的可吸入颗粒物(PM4)平均质量浓度约为仓库站点的两倍(分别为173±103和90±36µg m(-3)),而所有站点的OP(DTT)几乎相同(隧道站点的10.6±7.2 pmol DTT min(-1) μg(-1));10.4±4.6 pmol DTT min(-1) μg(-1)。PM4的OP(DTT)主要存在于PM2.5最小组分(OP(DTT) PM2.5: 10.2±8.1 pmol DTT min(-1) μg(-1);OP(DTT) PM4: 10.5±5.8 pmol DTT min(-1) μg(-1),表明PM2.5-4馏分中存在氧化还原活性成分。尽管无论选择的度量(OP(DTT)µg(-1)或OP(DTT) m(-3))在隧道和仓库地点的反应性相似,但与OP(DTT)相关的化学物质在两种类型的工作场所之间是不同的。有机碳、醌和/或金属(铁、铜)含量与隧道区DTT反应性密切相关,而在仓库区只有铁和多环芳烃与这种反应性相关(分别为正相关和负相关)。这些结果证明了在职业环境中测量OP(DTT)的可行性,并表明颗粒OP(DTT)是多种物理化学性质的综合。该参数可能是研究颗粒暴露相关氧化应激及其后果的潜在有用的暴露代理。进一步的研究主要是为了证明OP(DTT)与暴露于颗粒的人类相关氧化终点的关联。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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