Leprosy as a neglected disease and its stigma in the northeast of Brazil.

Abstract

Hansen's disease is an infectious and degenerative chronic disease with a high potential for incapacitation. Due to the explosive epidemic of leprosy cases worldwide (especially in Brazil), the social difficulties faced by these patients are an important subject for research. This work aimed to identify the stigma experienced by these patients. The qualitative research for this study was completed at the National Reference Centre in Dermatology in Fortaleza. The study took place in northeast Brazil from September 2010 to November 2012. The research subjects included 20 people with Hansen's disease of both sexes between 20 and 70 years old. The data collection consisted of a semi-structured interview. From the discourse analysis of the participants, several changes experienced by persons affected by leprosy were noted from the empiric categories emerged. Changes occurred in the family, the receptiveness of neighbours and co-workers and the patients' social lives were experienced by the persons affected after the diagnosis of Hansen's disease. From the data obtained, it was concluded that the patients are stigmatised. Sometimes they are forced to hide from relatives, friends, neighbours and co-workers. Despite their social exclusion, they believe their isolation is justified. Leprosy is a chronic, degenerative and curable infectious illness that continues to be a serious public health problem, mainly in the poorest region of Brazil.