Biodefense Oriented Genomic-Based Pathogen Classification Systems: Challenges and Opportunities.

Willy A Valdivia-Granda
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

Countermeasures that will effectively prevent or diminish the impact of a biological attack will depend on the rapid and accurate generation and analysis of genomic information. Because of their increasing level of sensitivity, rapidly decreasing cost, and their ability to effectively interrogate the genomes of previously unknown organisms, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies are revolutionizing the biological sciences. However, the exponential accumulation microbial data is equally outpacing the computational performance of existing analytical tools in their ability to translate DNA information into reliable detection, prophylactic and therapeutic countermeasures. It is now evident that the bottleneck for next-generation sequence data analysis will not be solved simply by scaling up our computational resources, but rather accomplished by implementing novel biodefense-oriented algorithms that overcome exiting vulnerabilities of speed, sensitivity and accuracy. Considering these circumstances, this document highlights the challenges and opportunities that biodefense stakeholders must consider in order to exploit more efficiently genomic information and translate this data into integrated countermeasures. The document overviews different genome analysis methods and explains concepts of DNA fingerprints, motif fingerprints, genomic barcodes and genomic signatures. A series of recommendations to promote genomics and bioinformatics as an effective form of deterrence and a valuable scientific platform for rapid technological insertion of detection, prophylactic, therapeutic countermeasures are discussed.

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面向生物防御的基于基因组的病原体分类系统:挑战与机遇。
有效防止或减少生物攻击影响的对策将取决于快速和准确地生成和分析基因组信息。由于其不断提高的灵敏度,迅速降低的成本,以及有效询问以前未知生物体基因组的能力,下一代测序(NGS)技术正在彻底改变生物科学。然而,在将DNA信息转化为可靠的检测、预防和治疗对策的能力方面,微生物数据的指数积累同样超过了现有分析工具的计算性能。现在很明显,下一代序列数据分析的瓶颈不会简单地通过扩大我们的计算资源来解决,而是通过实施新的生物防御导向算法来克服现有的速度,灵敏度和准确性漏洞。考虑到这些情况,本文件强调了生物防御利益相关者必须考虑的挑战和机遇,以便更有效地利用基因组信息并将这些数据转化为综合对策。本文概述了不同的基因组分析方法,并解释了DNA指纹、基序指纹、基因组条形码和基因组签名的概念。讨论了促进基因组学和生物信息学作为有效威慑形式和快速技术插入检测,预防和治疗对策的有价值的科学平台的一系列建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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