Epigenetic Regulation of Infant Neurobehavioral Outcomes.

Medical epigenetics Pub Date : 2014-05-01 DOI:10.1159/000361026

Corina Lesseur, Alison G Paquette, Carmen J Marsit

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Abstract

During fetal development and early-infancy, environmental signals can induce epigenetic changes that alter neurobehavioral development and later-life mental health. Several neurodevelopmental genetic diseases influence epigenetic regulatory genes and genomic imprinting. Recently, brain epigenetic marks have been involved in idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The placenta is an important regulator of the intrauterine environment that links maternal and fetal nervous systems. Placental epigenetic signatures have been associated with neurodevelopment of healthy newborns quantified through the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scales (NNNS). Associations have been observed for DNA methylation of genes involved in cortisol (NR3C1, HSD11B), serotonin (HTR2A), and metabolic (LEP) pathways. Dysregulation of imprinted genes and microRNAs has also been associated with neurobehavior assessed by NNNS. Further analysis is needed to characterize the mechanisms by which the epigenome influences neurodevelopment, and the connection between this dysregulation and mental health disorders. In the future, epigenetic marks could serve as functional biomarkers of mental health and cognitive function.

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婴儿神经行为结果的表观遗传调控。

在胎儿发育和婴儿早期，环境信号可诱导表观遗传变化，从而改变神经行为发育和日后的心理健康。一些神经发育遗传疾病会影响表观遗传调控基因和基因组印记。最近，大脑表观遗传标记已涉及特发性神经发育障碍，包括自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。胎盘是连接母体和胎儿神经系统的宫内环境的重要调节器。通过新生儿重症监护室网络神经行为量表（NNNS）量化，胎盘表观遗传特征与健康新生儿的神经发育有关。已观察到皮质醇（NR3C1、HSD11B）、血清素（HTR2A）和代谢（LEP）通路相关基因的 DNA 甲基化。印迹基因和 microRNA 的失调也与 NNNS 评估的神经行为有关。我们需要进一步分析表观基因组影响神经发育的机制，以及这种失调与精神疾病之间的联系。未来，表观遗传标记可作为心理健康和认知功能的功能性生物标记。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Medical epigenetics

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