Environmental factors shaping ungulate abundances in Poland.

Acta Theriologica Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-06-29 DOI:10.1007/s13364-013-0153-x
Tomasz Borowik, Thomas Cornulier, Bogumiła Jędrzejewska
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Population densities of large herbivores are determined by the diverse effects of density-dependent and independent environmental factors. In this study, we used the official 1998-2003 inventory data on ungulate numbers from 462 forest districts and 23 national parks across Poland to determine the roles of various environmental factors in shaping country-wide spatial patterns of ungulate abundances. Spatially explicit generalized additive mixed models showed that different sets of environmental variables explained 39 to 50 % of the variation in red deer Cervus elaphus, wild boar Sus scrofa, and roe deer Capreolus capreolus abundances. For all of the studied species, low forest cover and the mean January temperature were the most important factors limiting their numbers. Woodland cover above 40-50 % held the highest densities for these species. Wild boar and roe deer were more numerous in deciduous or mixed woodlands within a matrix of arable land. Furthermore, we found significant positive effects of marshes and water bodies on wild boar abundances. A juxtaposition of obtained results with ongoing environmental changes (global warming, increase in forest cover) may indicate future growth in ungulate distributions and numbers.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

环境因素影响了波兰有蹄类动物的丰度。
大型食草动物的种群密度是由密度依赖和独立环境因素的不同作用决定的。在这项研究中,我们使用了1998-2003年波兰462个林区和23个国家公园有蹄类动物数量的官方调查数据,以确定各种环境因素在塑造全国有蹄类动物丰度的空间格局中的作用。空间显式广义加性混合模型表明,不同环境变量组对马鹿、野猪和狍子丰度变异的贡献率为39% ~ 50%。对所有被研究物种而言,低森林覆盖率和1月平均温度是限制其数量的最重要因素。林地覆盖率在40- 50%以上是这些物种的最高密度。在耕地基质内的落叶林地和混合林地中,野猪和狍子数量较多。此外,我们发现沼泽和水体对野猪丰度有显著的正向影响。将已获得的结果与正在发生的环境变化(全球变暖、森林覆盖增加)并列,可能表明有蹄类动物分布和数量的未来增长。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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Acta Theriologica
Acta Theriologica 生物-动物学
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