Novel group of podovirus infecting the marine bacterium Alteromonas macleodii.

Bacteriophage Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI:10.4161/bact.24766
Inmaculada Garcia-Heredia, Francisco Rodriguez-Valera, Ana-Belen Martin-Cuadrado
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引用次数: 24

Abstract

Four novel, closely related podoviruses, which displayed lytic activity against the gamma-proteobacterium Alteromonas macleodii, have been isolated and sequenced. Alterophages AltAD45-P1 to P4 were obtained from water recovered near a fish farm in the Mediterranean Sea. Their morphology indicates that they belong to the Podoviridae. Their linear and dsDNA genomes are 100-104 kb in size, remarkably larger than any other described podovirus. The four AltAD45-phages share 99% nucleotide sequence identity over 97% of their ORFs, although an insertion was found in AltAD45-P1 and P2 and some regions were slightly more divergent. Despite the high overall sequence similarity among these four phages, the group with the insertion and the group without it, have different host ranges against the A. macleodii strains tested. The AltAD45-P1 to P4 phages have genes for DNA replication and transcription as well as structural genes, which are similar to the N4-like Podoviridae genus that is widespread in proteobacteria. However, in terms of their genomic structure, AltAD45-P1 to P4 differ from that of the N4-like phages. Some distinguishing features include the lack of a large virion encapsidated RNA polymerase gene, very well conserved among all the previously described N4-like phages, a single-stranded DNA binding protein and different tail protein genes. We conclude that the AltAD45 phages characterized in this study constitute a new genus within the Podoviridae.

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Abstract Image

感染海洋细菌巨形异单胞菌的新型足病毒群。
四种新型密切相关的足病毒对γ -变形杆菌异交单胞菌具有裂解活性,已被分离并测序。Alterophages AltAD45-P1至P4是从地中海一个养鱼场附近回收的水中获得的。它们的形态表明它们属于足病毒科。它们的线性和双链dna基因组大小为100-104 kb,比任何其他已知的足病毒都要大得多。尽管在AltAD45-P1和P2中发现了一个插入,并且一些区域略有不同,但四个altad45噬菌体在97%的orf中具有99%的核苷酸序列一致性。尽管这四种噬菌体在整体序列上具有很高的相似性,但插入和未插入噬菌体的噬菌体对所测试的弓形虫菌株具有不同的宿主范围。AltAD45-P1至P4噬菌体具有DNA复制和转录基因以及结构基因,这些基因与广泛存在于变形细菌中的n4样Podoviridae属相似。然而,就其基因组结构而言,AltAD45-P1至P4与n4样噬菌体不同。一些显著的特征包括缺乏一个在所有先前描述的n4样噬菌体中非常保守的大病毒粒子封装的RNA聚合酶基因,一个单链DNA结合蛋白和不同的尾蛋白基因。我们得出结论,本研究中表征的AltAD45噬菌体构成了足病毒科的一个新属。
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