The epidemiology of injury in mountaineering, rock and ice climbing.

Medicine and sport science Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-07-18 DOI:10.1159/000338575
Volker Schöffl, Audry Morrison, Isabelle Schöffl, Thomas Küpper
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引用次数: 82

Abstract

Climbing and mountaineering sports are gaining more and more public interest. This chapter reviews scientific studies on injuries and accidents in climbing and mountaineering sports to evaluate the danger of these sports and their specific injuries and preventive measures. An initial PubMed query was performed using the key words 'rock climbing', 'sport climbing', 'mountaineering', 'alpine injuries' and 'climbing injuries'. More than 500 extracted papers were analyzed which gave information on injury, mortality/fatality, prevention and risk factors. Cross-references were also scanned according to the above given criteria. Also the data sources of the UIAA and IFSC Medical Commissions were analyzed. Overall, alpine (traditional) climbing has a higher injury risk than sport climbing, especially indoor climbing. Alpine and ice climbing have more objective dangers which can affect climber safety. Overall injury rates are low, nevertheless fatalities do occur in all climbing disciplines. Altitude-related illnesses/injuries also occur in mountaineering. Most injuries in sport climbing are overstrain injuries of the upper extremity. In alpine climbing, injuries mostly occur through falls which affect the lower extremity. Objective reporting of the injury site and severity varied in most studies according to the injury definition and methodology used. This creates differences in the injury and fatality results and conclusions, which in turn makes inter-study comparisons difficult. In future studies, the UIAA MedCom score for mountain injuries should be used to guarantee inter-study comparability. Evidence in preventive measures is low and further studies must be performed in this field.

登山、攀岩、攀冰运动损伤的流行病学研究。
登山运动正引起越来越多的公众的兴趣。本章回顾了有关登山运动中伤害和事故的科学研究,以评价登山运动的危险性及其具体伤害和预防措施。最初的PubMed查询使用关键词“攀岩”,“运动攀岩”,“登山”,“高山伤害”和“攀登伤害”。对抽取的500多篇论文进行了分析,其中提供了关于伤害、死亡率/死亡率、预防和风险因素的信息。根据上述标准对交叉参考文献进行扫描。并对联合会和联合会医学委员会的数据来源进行了分析。总的来说,高山(传统)攀岩比运动攀岩有更高的受伤风险,尤其是室内攀岩。高山和冰上攀岩具有较多的客观危险,会影响攀岩者的安全。总体的受伤率很低,然而在所有的攀岩项目中都有死亡事件发生。与海拔有关的疾病/伤害也发生在登山运动中。运动攀岩的损伤多为上肢过度劳损。在高山攀登中,受伤主要是由于跌倒而影响到下肢。根据所使用的损伤定义和方法,大多数研究中损伤部位和严重程度的客观报告各不相同。这造成了伤害和死亡率结果和结论的差异,这反过来又使研究间比较变得困难。在未来的研究中,应采用UIAA MedCom山地损伤评分来保证研究间的可比性。预防措施的证据很少,必须在这一领域进行进一步的研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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