Epidemiologic overview of malignant lymphoma.

The Korean Journal of Hematology Pub Date : 2012-06-01 Epub Date: 2012-06-26 DOI:10.5045/kjh.2012.47.2.92
Jooryung Huh
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引用次数: 110

Abstract

Malignant lymphoma encompasses a wide variety of distinct disease entities. It is generally more common in developed countries and less common in developing countries. The East Asia region has one of the lowest incidence rates of malignant lymphoma. The incidence of malignant lymphoma around the world has been increasing at a rate of 3-4% over the last 4 decades, while some stabilization has been observed in developed countries in recent years. The reasons behind this lymphoma epidemic are poorly understood, although improving diagnostic accuracy, the recent AIDS epidemic, an aging world population and the increasing adoption of cancer-causing behaviors are suggested as contributing factors. Etiologies of malignant lymphoma include infectious agents, immunodeficiency, autoimmune disease, exposure to certain organic chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. The distribution of many subtypes exhibit marked geographic variations. Compared to the West, T/natural killer (NK) cell lymphomas (T/NK-cell lymphoma) and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) are relatively more common, whereas other B-cell lymphomas, particularly follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, are less common in Asia. Some subtypes of T/NK-cell lymphomas defined by Epstein-Barr virus association are predominantly Asian diseases, if not exclusively so. Both ethnic and environmental factors play roles in such diversity. In this review, we discuss the geographic distribution and etiology of malignant lymphoma, as well as the trend.

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恶性淋巴瘤的流行病学综述。
恶性淋巴瘤包括多种不同的疾病实体。它通常在发达国家更常见,在发展中国家不太常见。东亚地区是恶性淋巴瘤发病率最低的地区之一。在过去40年中,世界各地恶性淋巴瘤的发病率以3-4%的速度增长,而近年来在发达国家已观察到一些稳定。尽管诊断准确性的提高、最近艾滋病的流行、世界人口老龄化和越来越多的致癌行为被认为是导致淋巴瘤流行的原因,但人们对这种淋巴瘤流行背后的原因知之甚少。恶性淋巴瘤的病因包括感染因子、免疫缺陷、自身免疫性疾病、接触某些有机化学物质和药物。许多亚型的分布表现出明显的地理差异。与西方相比,T/NK细胞淋巴瘤(T/NK细胞淋巴瘤)和粘膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区淋巴瘤(MALT淋巴瘤)相对更为常见,而其他b细胞淋巴瘤,特别是滤泡性淋巴瘤和慢性淋巴细胞白血病/小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤,在亚洲并不常见。一些由eb病毒关联定义的T/ nk细胞淋巴瘤亚型主要是亚洲疾病,如果不是唯一的话。种族和环境因素在这种多样性中发挥了作用。本文就恶性淋巴瘤的地理分布、病因及发展趋势作一综述。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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