Disputed discovery: the beginnings of X-ray diffraction in crystals in 1912 and its repercussions.

IF 1.8 4区材料科学

Acta Crystallographica Section A Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-12-20 DOI:10.1107/S0108767311039985

Michael Eckert

引用次数: 36

Abstract

The discovery of X-ray diffraction is reviewed from the perspective of the contemporary knowledge in 1912 about the nature of X-rays. Laue's inspiration that led to the experiments by Friedrich and Knipping in Sommerfeld's institute was based on erroneous expectations. The ensuing discoveries of the Braggs clarified the phenomenon (although they, too, emerged from dubious assumptions about the nature of X-rays). The early misapprehensions had no impact on the Nobel Prizes to Laue in 1914 and the Braggs in 1915; but when the prizes were finally awarded after the war, the circumstances of `Laue's discovery' gave rise to repercussions. Many years later, they resulted in a dispute about the `myths of origins' of the community of crystallographers.

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有争议的发现:1912年晶体中x射线衍射的开始及其影响。

从1912年关于x射线性质的当代知识的角度回顾了x射线衍射的发现。劳厄的灵感导致了弗里德里希和尼平在索莫菲尔德的研究所进行的实验，这是基于错误的预期。随后的布拉格发现澄清了这一现象(尽管它们也来自对x射线性质的可疑假设)。早期的误解对劳1914年的诺贝尔奖和布拉格1915年的诺贝尔奖没有影响;但当这些奖项最终在战后颁发时，“劳厄的发现”的情况引起了反响。许多年后，他们引起了晶体学界关于“起源神话”的争论。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Crystallographica Section A 化学-晶体学

自引率

11.10%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and Advances publishes articles reporting advances in the theory and practice of all areas of crystallography in the broadest sense. As well as traditional crystallography, this includes nanocrystals, metacrystals, amorphous materials, quasicrystals, synchrotron and XFEL studies, coherent scattering, diffraction imaging, time-resolved studies and the structure of strain and defects in materials. The journal has two parts, a rapid-publication Advances section and the traditional Foundations section. Articles for the Advances section are of particularly high value and impact. They receive expedited treatment and may be highlighted by an accompanying scientific commentary article and a press release. Further details are given in the November 2013 Editorial. The central themes of the journal are, on the one hand, experimental and theoretical studies of the properties and arrangements of atoms, ions and molecules in condensed matter, periodic, quasiperiodic or amorphous, ideal or real, and, on the other, the theoretical and experimental aspects of the various methods to determine these properties and arrangements.