Early detection of hearing loss.

GMS current topics in otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery Pub Date : 2008-01-01 Epub Date: 2010-10-07
Götz Schade
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Abstract

The universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) is currently spreading in Germany, as well, even though there can be no talk of a comprehensive establishment. The introduction of UNHS in several federal states such as Hamburg, Hessen, and Schleswig-Holstein can be ascribed to the personal commitment of individual pediatric audiologists. Apart from the procurement of the screening equipment and the training of the staff responsible for the examination of the newborns, the tracking, i.e. the follow-up on children with conspicuous test results, is of utmost importance. This involves significant administration effort and work and is subject to data protection laws that can differ substantially between the various federal states. Among audiologists, there is consensus that within the first three months of a child's life, a hearing loss must be diagnosed and that between the age of 3 and 6 months, the supply of a hearing aid must have been initiated. For this purpose, screening steps 1 (usually a TEOAE measurement) and 2 (AABR testing) need to be conducted in the maternity hospital. The follow-up of step 1 then comprises the repetition of the TEOAE- and AABR measurement for conspicuous children by a specialized physician. The follow-up of step 2 comprises the confirmatory diagnostics in a pediatric audiological center. This always implies BERA diagnostics during spontaneous sleep or under sedation. The subsequent early supply of a hearing aid should generally be conducted by a (pediatric) acoustician specialized on children.

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早期发现听力损失。
普遍新生儿听力筛查(UNHS)目前也在德国推广,尽管还没有全面建立的说法。在几个联邦州,如汉堡、黑森州和石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因州,UNHS的引入可以归因于个别儿科听力学家的个人承诺。除了采购筛查设备和培训负责新生儿检查的工作人员外,跟踪,即对检测结果明显的儿童进行随访,也是至关重要的。这涉及大量的管理工作和工作,并且受数据保护法的约束,这些法律在不同的联邦州之间可能有很大的不同。听力学家一致认为,在孩子出生后的头三个月内,必须诊断出听力损失,在3到6个月之间,必须开始提供助听器。为此,筛查步骤1(通常是TEOAE测量)和步骤2 (AABR测试)需要在妇产医院进行。步骤1的后续工作包括由专业医生对显眼儿童重复TEOAE-和AABR测量。步骤2的随访包括在儿科听力学中心进行确认性诊断。这通常意味着在自发睡眠或镇静状态下进行BERA诊断。助听器的后续早期供应通常应由专门研究儿童的(儿科)声学专家进行。
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