How many are affected? A real limit of epidemiology.

Charles Poole
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

A person can experience an effect on the occurrence of an outcome in a defined follow-up period without experiencing an effect on the risk of that outcome over the same period. Sufficient causes are sometimes used to deepen potential-outcome explanations of this phenomenon. In doing so, care should be taken to avoid tipping the balance between simplification and realism too far toward simplification. Death and other competing risks should not be assumed away. The time scale should be explicit, with specific times for the occurrence of specified component causes and for the completion of each sufficient cause. Component causes that affect risk should occur no later than the start of the risk period. Sufficient causes should be allowed to have component causes in common. When individuals experience all components of two or more sufficient causes, the outcome must be recurrent. In addition to effects on rates and risks, effects on incidence time itself should be considered.

有多少人受到影响?流行病学的真正局限。
一个人可以在一个确定的随访期内体验到对结果发生的影响,而不会在同一时期体验到对结果风险的影响。充分原因有时被用来加深对这一现象的潜在结果的解释。在这样做时,应注意避免在简化和现实主义之间的平衡过于简单化。死亡和其他相互竞争的风险不应该被排除在外。时间尺度应该是明确的,包括特定组成原因发生的具体时间和每个充分原因完成的具体时间。影响风险的组成原因不应迟于风险期的开始。应允许充分原因具有共同的组成原因。当个体经历两个或更多充分原因的所有组成部分时,结果必须是反复出现的。除了对发病率和风险的影响外,还应考虑对发病时间本身的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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