Recognition and management of hypertension by nurses: action in patients with diabetes is critical.

Abstract

The Canadian Hypertension Education Program (CHEP), Canadian Hypertension Society, Blood Pressure Canada, Canadian Diabetes Association, College of Family Physicians of Canada, Canadian Pharmacists Association, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and the Canadian Council of Cardiovascular Nurses issued a recent call for all health care professionals in Canada to double their efforts to assist patients with diabetes in maintaining target blood pressures (Campbell et al., 2009b). Blood pressure (B/P) in diabetic individuals should be less than 130 mmHg systolic and less than 80 mmHg diastolic (CHEP 2009). Considering recognition and treatment of hypertension in people with diabetes can result in reductions in disability and death, control of hypertension must become an interdisciplinary priority. Maintaining B/P less than 130/80 mmHg requires lifestyle modification as the cornerstone to treatment and often two or more B/P medications (Campbell et al., 2009a). The cost of multiple drugs required for B/P control in diabetic individuals is one of the few treatments estimated to reduce overall health costs and related cardiovascular disease complications (Gillies, Abrams, & Lambert, 2007). Nurses are essential partners in assessing and assisting diabetic patients and all patients with hypertension to reduce overall cardiovascular risks. Nurses may also be key practitioners in assessing and monitoring patient difficulties with adherence to lifestyle or pharmacological interventions (Jayasinghe, 2009; McLean et al., 2008). Individualized lifestyle counselling and treatment modification are recommended to maintain target B/P and treat dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, smoking or any other cardiovascular risks in diabetic individuals.