The epidemiology of new HIV infections and interventions to limit HIV transmission.

Susan Buchbinder
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Abstract

After the disappointing news reported at the 2008 (15th) Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections regarding HIV vaccines, microbicides, and herpes virus suppression trials, the 16th conference this year brought welcome advances in the HIV prevention field. In particular, substantial progress is being made in approaches to preexposure prophylaxis in preclinical and clinical trials, and an efficacy trial of a vaginal microbicide appeared to provide women in Africa and the United States with modest protection against HIV acquisition. This review covers presentations on the epidemiology of HIV infection in specific global populations, strategies to improve the uptake of HIV testing, lessons from previous negative prevention trials, and progress in the development of new biomedical interventions.

新发艾滋病毒感染的流行病学和限制艾滋病毒传播的干预措施。
在2008年(第15届)逆转录病毒和机会性感染会议上关于艾滋病毒疫苗、杀微生物剂和疱疹病毒抑制试验的令人失望的新闻报道之后,今年的第16届会议在艾滋病毒预防领域带来了可喜的进展。特别是,在临床前和临床试验的接触前预防方法方面正在取得重大进展,阴道杀微生物剂的功效试验似乎为非洲和美国的妇女提供了防止感染艾滋病毒的适度保护。这篇综述介绍了全球特定人群中艾滋病毒感染的流行病学、改进艾滋病毒检测的策略、以往阴性预防试验的经验教训以及开发新的生物医学干预措施的进展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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