Boiled or filtered coffee? Effects of coffee and caffeine on cholesterol, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein.

Isabella M Rodrigues, Laura C Klein
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引用次数: 15

Abstract

Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychostimulant drug in the world that mostly is consumed in the form of coffee. Whether caffeine and/or coffee consumption contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the single leading cause of death in the US, is unclear.This article examines the effects of caffeine intake, both alone and via coffee consumption, on key blood markers of CVD risk: lipoproteins (cholesterol, triglycerides), fibrinogen (a biomarker of blood clotting) and C-reactive protein (CRP; a biomarker of inflammation). These blood markers and their role in the development of CVD are reviewed first. Studies examining caffeine and coffee effects on each of these blood markers are then presented. Next, biobehavioural moderators of the relationship between caffeine and/or coffee consumption and CVD are discussed, including genetics, sex and tobacco smoking. The literature indicates a strong relationship between boiled, unfiltered coffee consumption and elevated cholesterol levels; however, there is a critical gap in the literature regarding the effects of coffee or caffeine consumption on fibrinogen or CRP, which is an independent predictor of CVD risk. Available studies are limited by small samples sizes, inclusion of only men (or few women) and unrepresented age or ethnic groups. Thiere is a critical need for controlled laboratory and epidemiological studies that include fibrinogen and CRP markers of CVD risk before conclusions can be drawn regarding the health effects of caffeine and/or coffee in a normal, healthy population of men and women.

煮咖啡还是过滤咖啡?咖啡和咖啡因对胆固醇、纤维蛋白原和c反应蛋白的影响。
咖啡因是世界上消费最广泛的精神兴奋剂,主要以咖啡的形式消费。咖啡因和/或咖啡的摄入是否会导致心血管疾病(CVD)的发展,这是美国唯一的主要死亡原因,目前尚不清楚。这篇文章研究了咖啡因摄入对心血管疾病风险的关键血液标志物的影响,包括:脂蛋白(胆固醇、甘油三酯)、纤维蛋白原(血液凝固的生物标志物)和c反应蛋白(CRP;炎症的生物标志物)。本文首先对这些血液标志物及其在心血管疾病发生中的作用进行综述。然后介绍了对咖啡因和咖啡对这些血液标志物的影响的研究。接下来,讨论了咖啡因和/或咖啡摄入与心血管疾病之间关系的生物行为调节因子,包括遗传、性和吸烟。文献表明,饮用煮熟的、未经过滤的咖啡与胆固醇水平升高之间存在密切关系;然而,关于咖啡或咖啡因摄入对纤维蛋白原或CRP的影响,文献中有一个关键的空白,而纤维蛋白原或CRP是心血管疾病风险的独立预测因子。现有的研究受限于样本量小,只包括男性(或少数女性)和未代表年龄或种族群体。在得出关于咖啡因和/或咖啡对正常、健康的男性和女性的健康影响的结论之前,迫切需要进行包括纤维蛋白原和CRP标志物在内的对照实验室和流行病学研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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