The relationship between congenital cleft lip and palate malformation, skeletal and dental occlusal anomalies, and the influence of its treatment on affected patients' oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Abstract

Objective: Non-syndromic (N/S) cleft lip and/or palate is the most common congenital anomaly to undergo long multidisciplinary treatment. This study investigates patients living with orofacial anomaly and having prolonged treatment by evaluating OHRQoL. It is essential to understand its influence on affected patients' daily life to prepare the most appropriate care for the complete physical, mental, and social well-being of an individual.

Materials and methods: In order to evaluate the influence of undergoing treatment and living with an orofacial anomaly on patients' OHRQoL, randomly selected patients with N/S cleft lip and (or) palate treated in the Clinic of Orthodontics of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences filled a modified CPQ questionnaire. The questionnaire of 60 closed questions was about undergoing treatment and its effect on patients' self-confidence level, mastication, fluent pronunciation, discomfort, ability to socialize, emotions, etc. Statistical data was expressed as a frequency and percentage.

Results: Of the 20 patients 13-24 year-old (mean age 16.2±3.25) 50% were males, 50% were females, 80% wore orthodontic braces, other 20% wore Quadhelix appliance. All 20 patients experienced pain during treatment, 60% of all patients avoided being among people, were bullied. 65% of respondents felt more confident and happy after orthodontic treatment began. 70% of all patients experienced difficulty in speaking, biting hard food.

Conclusion: The questionnaire showed no difference between different orthodontic appliance types and patients' OHRQoL, although overall prolonged treatment and orofacial anomaly does affect a patient's regular daily functions, oral hygiene habits, self-confidence level, social life, and mental well-being.