Labour Market Dynamics in South Africa at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

IF 0.9 4区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-05 DOI:10.1111/saje.12283
Vimal Ranchhod, Reza Che Daniels
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引用次数: 72

Abstract

This paper conducts an analysis of labour market dynamics in South Africa during the initial period of lockdown, from the end of March to the end of April 2020, using the first wave of the NIDS-CRAM (2020) survey. Within our sample of over 6,000 adults aged 18 to 59, we found that there was a very large decrease in employment. The fraction of the sample that was conventionally classified as employed decreased from 57% in February to 48% in April. If we further exclude temporarily absent workers, which we term "furloughed" employees, this fraction decreases further to 38%. Thus, about one out of every three employed people in our sample either lost their job or did not work and received no wages during April. This has extremely large implications for poverty and welfare. We further analyse the labour market by comparing across demographic groups as defined by race, by gender, by age groups, by geographic areas and by education levels. The over-arching finding from this analysis is that the job losses were not uniformly distributed amongst the different groups. In particular, groups who have always been more vulnerable - such as women, African/Blacks, youth and less educated groups - have been disproportionately negatively affected.

2019冠状病毒病大流行期间南非劳动力市场动态。
本文利用NIDS-CRAM(2020)调查的第一波数据,对2020年3月底至4月底的封锁初期南非劳动力市场动态进行了分析。在我们对6000多名年龄在18岁至59岁之间的成年人进行的抽样调查中,我们发现就业率大幅下降。按惯例归类为就业的样本比例从2月份的57%降至4月份的48%。如果我们进一步排除暂时缺席的员工,我们称之为“无薪休假”的员工,这一比例进一步下降到38%。因此,在我们的样本中,大约三分之一的就业人员在4月份要么失业,要么没有工作,也没有工资。这对贫困和福利有着极其重大的影响。我们通过比较按种族、性别、年龄组、地理区域和教育水平定义的人口群体,进一步分析劳动力市场。这项分析得出的最重要的发现是,失业人数在不同群体之间的分布并不均匀。特别是一向比较脆弱的群体- -例如妇女、非洲人/黑人、青年和受教育程度较低的群体- -受到了不成比例的负面影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: The South African Journal of Economics (SAJE) has a long and distinguished history, ranking amongst the oldest generalist journals in economics. In terms of editorial focus, the journal remains a generalist journal covering all fields in economics, but with a particular focus on developmental and African contexts. Toward this end, the editorial policy of the SAJE emphasizes scholarly work on developing countries, with African and Southern African development challenges receiving particular attention. While the SAJE remains a generalist journal, it encourages empirical work on developing and African economies. Importantly the focus is on both theoretical developments and methodological innovations that reflect developing country and African contexts and the policy challenges they pose. The objective of the journal is to be the premier vehicle for the publication of the most innovative work on development country and particularly African economic problems. It aims to be the target journal of choice not only for scholars located in Southern Africa, but of any scholar interested in the analysis of development challenges and their African applications. Clear theoretical foundations to work published should be a hallmark of the journal, and innovation in both theory and empirics appropriate to developing country and the African contexts are encouraged. In terms of submissions, the journal invites submissions primarily of original research articles, as well as survey articles and book reviews relevant to its context. In the case of both survey articles and book reviews, authors should note that a key minimum requirement is a critical reflection on the broader context of the existing literature.
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