High-Dose Vitamin C Infusion for the Treatment of Covid-19: Beware of Paraben Intoxication.

Abstract

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) has several favorable effects on the immune system, such as enhancing phagocyte function, interferon production, and T-lymphocyte transformation [1]. Moreover, vitamin C diminishes inflammation and lung injury by reducing hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and nitric oxide levels [2]. In addition, vitamin C was shown to increase the resistance of chick embryo ciliated tracheal organ cultures to Corona virus infection [3]. Furthermore, patients with severe pneumonia were treated with vitamin C infusion at a dose of 6 g/day and this treatment was found to be associated with lower mortality and improved chest radiologic score on the 7th day [2]. In the light of this information, a phase II clinical trial (NCT04264533) was initiated in China to evaluate the effect of high-dose intravenous (i.v.) vitamin C (24 g/day for 7 days) on intensive care unit (ICU) patients with severe Corona virus disease-19 (Covid19)-associated pneumonia [4]. Nevertheless, this study has not been completed yet. Inspired by these studies, we considered administration of high-dose vitamin C for the treatment of ICU patients with severe Covid-19 pneumonia. However, as soon as we noticed the paraben component (methylparaben 4 mg, propylparaben 0.5 mg) in 500 mg i.v. vitamin C preparation in our country, we refrained from the administration of this medication. Since the content of this vitamin C preparation is adjusted to the daily recommended dosage (100-300 mg), paraben accumulation may occur when a high dose of vitamin C is administered to patients.