The change in the circadian rhythm of macrophage colony-stimulating factor content in the blood of patients with essential hypertension

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to study the characteristics of the change in the circadian rhythm of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) content in the peripheral blood serum of patients with stage II essential hypertension (EH) based on 5 time points (8:00, 14:00, 20:00, 2:00, and 8:00) and analyze its connection with the frequency of cardiovascular events.

Materials and methods

Identified levels of M-CSF in the peripheral blood serum of 60 patients with stage II EH, before and after 1 year of antihypertensive therapy using enzyme-linked immunoassays (at 8:00, 14:00, 20:00, 2:00, and 8:00).

Results

The research demonstrated that stage II EH patients with a medical case history lasting 10–14 years have a greater content of M-CSF in their peripheral blood serum (p > 0.001). Before the start of antihypertensive therapy, they also have an increased variability in the circadian rhythm of M-CSF content in the bloodstream (when compared with healthy individuals) due to an increase at 20:00, decrease at 2:00 and recovery at 8:00. In 70% of those patients taking antihypertensive medication and have reached their target arterial blood pressure, the cytokine decrease stabilizes at 2:00 but the increase at 20:00 remains unchanged. Thirty percent of patients retained the rhythm characteristics of M-CSF content in the blood serum typical of patients before the start of therapy. This is a predictor of an increase in the five-year risk of developing cardiovascular complications, particularly myocardial infarction and acute cerebrovascular accident, in individuals with a comparable risk of cardiovascular complications or death on the Framingham risk score.