Planning and use of therapeutic mammoplasty—Nottingham approach

Abstract

Therapeutic mammaplasty, the use of reduction mammaplasty and radiotherapy to surgically treat breast cancer, is an established technique for selected breast cancers and can extend the role of breast conserving surgery. Most frequently described is the use of a wise pattern reduction for tumours that lie within the expected mammaplasty excision. However, mammaplasty techniques can be safely adapted to treat patients with cancers in all areas of the breast. An approach to selection and planning surgery is presented which has evolved from the experience of other units and our first 50 clinical cases over a 3-year period. The outcomes of these 50 cases are found in the accompanying article.

Technique will vary depending upon the tumour position. Breast cancers may lie within the normal excision site of a recognised mammaplasty method (scenario A) or outside of the expected excision sites (scenario B). In scenario A, a range of recognised techniques can be performed without adaptation to widely excise the tumour and re-shape the breasts. In scenario B the techniques need to be adapted. Three decisions are needed for planning in scenario B; the skin incision, the nipple-aereola complex (NAC) pedicle orientation and finally the method of filling the cancer defect. The latter can be achieved by either extending the nipple pedicle or by creating a secondary pedicle within the breast dissection. Either method will move tissue that is normally excised into the cancer defect. For central tumours an inferior pedicle is usually used to both fill the defect and re-create the nipple.