Myron T La Duc, Randall Sumner, Duane Pierson, Parth Venkat, Kasthuri Venkateswaran
{"title":"Evidence of pathogenic microbes in the International Space Station drinking water: reason for concern?","authors":"Myron T La Duc, Randall Sumner, Duane Pierson, Parth Venkat, Kasthuri Venkateswaran","doi":"10.3727/154296604774808883","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular analyses were carried out on four preflight and six postflight International Space Station (ISS)-associated potable water samples at various stages of purification, storage, and transport, to ascertain their associated microbial diversities and overall microbial burdens. Following DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and molecular cloning procedures, rDNA sequences closely related to pathogenic species of Acidovorax, Afipia, Brevundimonas, Propionibacterium, Serratia, and others were recovered in varying abundance. Retrieval of sequences arising from the iodine (biocide)-reducing Delftia acidovorans in postflight waters is also of concern. Total microbial burdens of ISS potable waters were derived from data generated by an ATP-based enumeration procedure, with results ranging from 0 to 4.9 x 10(4) cells/ml. Regardless of innate biases in sample collection and analysis, such circumstantial evidence for the presence of viable, intact pathogenic cells should not be taken lightly. Implementation of new cultivation approaches and/or viability-based assays are requisite to confirm such an occurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":86963,"journal":{"name":"Habitation (Elmsford, N.Y.)","volume":"10 1","pages":"39-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3727/154296604774808883","citationCount":"33","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Habitation (Elmsford, N.Y.)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154296604774808883","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
Abstract
Molecular analyses were carried out on four preflight and six postflight International Space Station (ISS)-associated potable water samples at various stages of purification, storage, and transport, to ascertain their associated microbial diversities and overall microbial burdens. Following DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and molecular cloning procedures, rDNA sequences closely related to pathogenic species of Acidovorax, Afipia, Brevundimonas, Propionibacterium, Serratia, and others were recovered in varying abundance. Retrieval of sequences arising from the iodine (biocide)-reducing Delftia acidovorans in postflight waters is also of concern. Total microbial burdens of ISS potable waters were derived from data generated by an ATP-based enumeration procedure, with results ranging from 0 to 4.9 x 10(4) cells/ml. Regardless of innate biases in sample collection and analysis, such circumstantial evidence for the presence of viable, intact pathogenic cells should not be taken lightly. Implementation of new cultivation approaches and/or viability-based assays are requisite to confirm such an occurrence.
对国际空间站(ISS)相关的4个飞行前和6个飞行后的不同净化、储存和运输阶段的饮用水样本进行了分子分析,以确定其相关的微生物多样性和总体微生物负担。通过DNA提取、PCR扩增和分子克隆,获得了不同丰度的与Acidovorax、Afipia、Brevundimonas、Propionibacterium、Serratia等病原菌密切相关的rDNA序列。从飞行后水体中还原碘(杀菌剂)的嗜酸德尔菲特菌中提取序列也是一个值得关注的问题。ISS饮用水的总微生物负荷来自基于atp的枚举程序产生的数据,结果范围为0至4.9 x 10(4)个细胞/ml。尽管在样本收集和分析中存在先天偏见,但对于存在存活的、完整的致病细胞的这种间接证据不应掉以轻心。必须实施新的栽培方法和/或基于生存力的测定来确认这种情况的发生。