[Study on location of QTLs controlling cocoon traits in silkworm].

Yang-Hu Sima, Bin Li, Hai-Ming Xu, Da-Xia Chen, De-Bin Sun, Ai-Chun Zhao, Cheng Lu, Zhong-Huai Xiang
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Abstract

On the basis of the molecular linkage map, mapmaker software QTLMapper 2.0 was used to analyze the QTLs effect of the whole cocoon weight,cocoon shell weight, ratio of cocoon shell and pupa weight of domestic silkworm. For these four cocoon quantitative traits, 7, 6, 2 and 8 effective QTLs were detected and mapped to 7, 5, 2 and 7 linkage groups, respectively. Complicated epistatic effects were found involved in the genetic variation of the whole cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight. For the whole cocoon weight, there were three pairs of QTLs with significant additive by additive interactions, in which, one pair had significant additive by dominance and dominance by dominance interactions. Whereas significant dominance were detected for three QTLs and significant additive effects one QTL had. For the cocoon shell weight, significant genetic effects, including epistatic effects were found for one pair of QTLs, significant dominance by dominance interaction for another pair of QTLs; one QTL had significant dominance and another QTL had additive by additive interaction. The ratio of cocoon shell and the pupa weight were controlled mainly by additive or dominance effects. No interaction between QTL was found for the ratio of cocoon. Most QTLs, associated with the pupa weight, had negative dominance effects. Only significant additive by additive interaction was found between one pair of QTLs. The 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 11th, 13th, 24th, 34th, 37th, and 40th linkage groups are the common chromosomal regions harboring QTLs of two or more cocoon quantitative traits. There are identical QTL or chromosomal region for the whole cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight, indicating they can be simultaneously improved by utilizing epistatic effects in breeding.

家蚕控制茧性状的qtl定位研究
在分子连锁图谱的基础上,利用制图软件QTLMapper 2.0分析家蚕全茧重、茧壳重、茧壳与蛹重比的qtl效应。在这4个茧数量性状中,共检测到7个、6个、2个和8个有效qtl,分别定位于7个、5个、2个和7个连锁群。全茧重和茧壳重的遗传变异涉及复杂的上位效应。全茧重有3对qtl通过加性互作具有显著加性,其中1对通过显性互作具有显著加性,1对通过显性互作具有显著加性。3个QTL具有显著的显性,1个QTL具有显著的加性效应。对于茧壳重,一对qtl存在显著的遗传效应,包括上位效应,另一对qtl存在显著的显性互作效应;一个QTL具有显著显性,另一个QTL具有加性互作。茧壳比和蛹重主要受加性效应或显性效应控制。在茧比上,QTL间无交互作用。多数与蛹重相关的qtl具有负显性效应。1对qtl间存在显著的加性互作。第2、第3、第4、第11、第13、第24、第34、第37和第40连锁群是包含2个或2个以上蚕茧数量性状qtl的共同染色体区域。全茧重和茧壳重存在相同的QTL或染色体区域,说明在育种中可以利用上位性效应同时提高二者的质量。
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